Table 1.
Demographic characteristics of individuals with MetS stratified by TyG-ABSI tertiles (weighted)
| Variables | Total (n = 12,813) | T1 (lowest) (n = 4271) | T2 (middle) (n = 4271) | T3 (highest) (n = 4271) | P-value |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age (years) | 51.65 ± 16.95 | 45.18 ± 16.06 | 52.59 ± 16.45 | 57.17 ± 16.12 | < 0.001 |
| Gender (%) | < 0.001 | ||||
| Male | 7021 (54.80) | 1788 (41.86) | 2510 (58.77) | 2723 (63.76) | |
| Female | 5792 (45.20) | 2483 (58.14) | 1761 (41.23) | 1548 (36.24) | |
| Race (%) | < 0.001 | ||||
| Mexican American | 2223 (17.35) | 586 (13.72) | 814 (19.06) | 823 (19.27) | |
| Other Hispanic | 995 ( 7.77) | 280 (6.56) | 354 (8.29) | 361 (8.45) | |
| Non-Hispanic White | 6131 (47.85) | 1602 (37.51) | 2110 (49.4) | 2419 (56.64) | |
| Non-Hispanic Black | 2866 (22.37) | 1632 (38.21) | 787 (18.43) | 447 (10.47) | |
| Other race-including multi-racial | 598 ( 4.67) | 171 (4) | 206 (4.82) | 221 (5.17) | |
| Marital status (%) | < 0.001 | ||||
| Single | 4750 (37.07) | 1808 (42.33) | 1463 (34.25) | 1479 (34.63) | |
| Married/living with partner | 8063 (62.93) | 2463 (57.67) | 2808 (65.75) | 2792 (65.37) | |
| Education level (%) | < 0.001 | ||||
| Below high school | 3336 (26.04) | 861 (20.16) | 1131 (26.48) | 1344 (31.47) | |
| High school graduate | 3234 (25.24) | 1095 (25.64) | 1072 (25.1) | 1067 (24.98) | |
| Above high school | 6243 (48.72) | 2315 (54.2) | 2068 (48.42) | 1860 (43.55) | |
| PIR (%) | < 0.001 | ||||
| < 1.3 | 4050 (31.61) | 1268 (29.69) | 1356 (31.75) | 1426 (33.39) | |
| 1.3–3.5 | 5013 (39.12) | 1694 (39.66) | 1611 (37.72) | 1708 (39.99) | |
| ≥ 3.5 | 3750 (29.27) | 1309 (30.65) | 1304 (30.53) | 1137 (26.62) | |
| Smoking status (%) | < 0.001 | ||||
| Yes | 6300 (49.17) | 1697 (39.73) | 2183 (51.11) | 2420 (56.66) | |
| No | 6513 (50.83) | 2574 (60.27) | 2088 (48.89) | 1851 (43.34) | |
| Alcohol use (%) | 0.059 | ||||
| Yes | 9008 (70.30) | 2942 (68.88) | 3055 (71.53) | 3011 (70.50) | |
| No | 3805 (29.70) | 1329 (31.12) | 1216 (28.47) | 1260 (29.50) | |
| Cancer (%) | < 0.001 | ||||
| Yes | 1289 (10.06) | 293 (6.86) | 429 (10.04) | 567 (13.28) | |
| No | 11,524 (89.94) | 3978 (93.14) | 3842 (89.96) | 3704 (86.72) | |
| CKD (%) | < 0.001 | ||||
| Yes | 386 ( 3.01) | 82 (1.92) | 123 (2.88) | 181 (4.24) | |
| No | 12,427 (96.99) | 4189 (98.08) | 4148 (97.12) | 4090 (95.76) | |
| BMI(kg/m2) | 34.98 ± 6.10 | 37.17 ± 6.71 | 34.56 ± 5.54 | 33.21 ± 5.26 | < 0.001 |
| Energy intake, M (Q1, Q3) | 1884(1271, 2565) | 1878(1254.50, 2560.50) | 1908(1263, 2583) | 1877(1295, 2545.50) | 0.63 |
| HDL-C (mg/dL) | 47.74 ± 13.40 | 52.15 ± 13.37 | 47.81 ± 12.92 | 43.27 ± 12.40 | < 0.001 |
| LDL-C (mg/dL) | 115.93 ± 35.48 | 116.04 ± 34.97 | 116.78 ± 35.52 | 114.97 ± 35.94 | 0.061 |
| BUN (mg/dL) | 13.87 ± 6.13 | 12.59 ± 5.04 | 14.04 ± 5.93 | 14.98 ± 7.02 | < 0.001 |
| UA (mg/dL) | 5.92 ± 1.44 | 5.69 ± 1.36 | 6.03 ± 1.42 | 6.05 ± 1.50 | < 0.001 |
| Cr (mg/dL) | 0.92 ± 0.38 | 0.88 ± 0.34 | 0.93 ± 0.42 | 0.95 ± 0.38 | < 0.001 |
| ALT, M (Q1, Q3) | 23.00 (17.00, 32.00) | 21.00 (16.00, 29.00) | 24.00 (18.00, 33.00) | 24.00 (18.00, 34.00) | < 0.001 |
| AST, M (Q1, Q3) | 23.00 (19.00, 28.00) | 22.00 (18.00, 27.00) | 23.00 (20.00, 28.00) | 24.00 (20.00, 30.00) | < 0.001 |
| ALB (g/dL) | 4.14 ± 0.35 | 4.10 ± 0.34 | 4.16 ± 0.34 | 4.15 ± 0.37 | < 0.001 |
| TBil, M (Q1, Q3) | 0.60 (0.50, 0.90) | 0.60 (0.50, 0.80) | 0.70 (0.50, 0.90) | 0.60 (0.50, 0.90) | < 0.001 |
| TG, M (Q1, Q3) | 147.00 (100.00, 219.00) | 92.00 (71.00, 121.00) | 147.00 (114.00, 191.00) | 240.00 (178.00, 334.50) | < 0.001 |
| FBG (mg/dl) | 107.81 ± 40.92 | 93.59 ± 15.48 | 101.14 ± 23.99 | 128.68 ± 59.38 | < 0.001 |
| TC (mg/dL) | 196.02 ± 43.14 | 186.49 ± 37.18 | 195.58 ± 40.40 | 205.97 ± 48.78 | < 0.001 |
| Antidiabetic medication use (%) | < 0.001 | ||||
| No | 12,314 (96.11) | 4221 (98.83) | 4141 (96.96) | 3952 (92.53) | |
| Yes | 499 ( 3.89) | 50 (1.17) | 130 (3.04) | 319 (7.47) | |
| Statin use (%) | < 0.001 | ||||
| No | 9922 (77.44) | 3709 (86.84) | 3291 (77.05) | 2922 (68.41) | |
| Yes | 2891 (22.56) | 562 (13.16) | 980 (22.95) | 1349 (31.59) | |
| Antihypertensive use (%) | < 0.001 | ||||
| Yes | 11,147 (87.00) | 3637 (85.16) | 3711 (86.89) | 3799 (88.95) | |
| No | 1666 (13.00) | 634 (14.84) | 560 (13.11) | 472 (11.05) | |
| CVD(%) | < 0.001 | ||||
| No | 11,173 (87.20) | 3944 (92.34) | 3740 (87.57) | 3489 (81.69) | |
| Yes | 1640 (12.80) | 327 (7.66) | 531 (12.43) | 782 (18.31) | |
| All-cause mortality (%) | < 0.001 | ||||
| No | 11,063 (86.34) | 3946 (92.39) | 3708 (86.82) | 3409 (79.82) | |
| Yes | 1750 (13.66) | 325 (7.61) | 563 (13.18) | 862 (20.18) | |
| Cardiovascular mortality (%) | < 0.001 | ||||
| No | 12,268 (95.75) | 4176 (97.78) | 4094 (95.86) | 3998 (93.61) | |
| Yes | 545 ( 4.25) | 95 (2.22) | 177 (4.14) | 273 (6.39) | |
MetS: metabolic syndrome; TyG-ABSI: triglyceride-glucose and a body shape index; CVD: cardiovascular disease; PIR: family poverty-to-income ratio; BMI: body mass index; TC: total cholesterol; HDL-C: high-density lipoprotein cholesterol; LDL-C: low-density lipoprotein cholesterol; BUN: blood urea nitrogen; UA: uric acid; Cr: creatinine; ALT: alanine aminotransferase; AST: aspartate transaminase; ALB: albumin; TBil: total bilirubin; TG: triglyceride; FBG: fasting blood glucose; CKD: chronic kidney disease; M: median; Q1: 1st quartile; Q3: 3rd quartile