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. 2025 Aug 22;25:1113. doi: 10.1186/s12870-025-07054-z

Table 1.

Analise of variance (ANOVA) for the effects of silicon, glyphosate, and their interaction (Silicon x Glyphosate) on physiological and biochemical variables in old and new leaves of young orange plants

Variable CV (%) Sum of squares
Si Gly Si x Gly
Si conc. (old leaves) 7.61 362.07** 1.44 ns 1.15 ns
Si conc. (new leaves) 9.93 187.21** 4.41 ns 2.57 ns
MDA (old leaves) 5.45 6.61** 14.13** 1.56**
MDA (new leaves) 8.79 3.61** 23.35** 2.06**
Pro (old leaves) 13.6 26,026.21** 160,593.24** 23,987.22 ns
Pro (new leaves) 8.14 42,184.23** 121,746.45** 16,659.37**
Car (old leaves) 9.49 0.0038** 0.0086** 0.0023**
Car (new leaves) 7.18 0,0008** 0.0020** 0.0004 ns
Phen (old leaves) 6.71 71.02* 183.03** 1,110.53**
Phen (new leaves) 5.80 54.73** 414.92** 24.88 ns
Leaf number 2.12 164.98** 177.29** 57.28**
DM 5.29 17.41** 134.98* 20.73**

Si Silicon, Gly Glyphosate, MDA Malondialdehyde, Pro Proline, Car Carotenoids, Phen Phenolic compounds, DM Dry matter

**, * and ns-significant a 1% and 5% and non-significant by the F-test