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. 2025 Aug 22;25:384. doi: 10.1186/s12893-025-03100-7

Table 2.

Summary of surgical outcomes between M-MIDLIF and M-TLIF groups

Variables M-MIDLIF
(n = 28)
M-TLIF
(n = 28)
t/Z/X2 p value
Surgical time from skin to skin (h) 4.10 ± 0.92 4.18 ± 0.81 −0.352 0.726
Intraoperative blood loss (ml) 68.57 ±14.84 171.79 ±12.78 −6.492 0.001<#
Postoperative drainage (ml) 33.93 ±9.17 65.36 ±10.36 −6.29 0.001<#
Surgical incision length(cm) 3.42 ±0.79

L:3.11 ±0.54

R:2.89 ±0.62

Integrity of the PLC 26(92.85%) 28(100%) 0.491*
Surgical Complications
 Dural tear 1(3.57%) 1(3.57%) 1.000*
 Cage retropulsion and subsidence 1(3.57%) 2(7.14%) 1.000*
 Recognizable rate of internal “˄” shape crest 0.373 0.541
 Radiographic recognizable rate 51(91.07%) -
 Intraoperative visual recognizable rate 49(87.50%) -
 Postoperative hospital stay(Day) 9.39 ± 3.93 9.00 ± 2.86 −0.207 0.836
 Time to get out of bed after surgery (Day) 5.71 ± 1.10 5.75 ± 1.10 −0.138 0.890

L Left and R Right

*p- value was calculated by Fisher’s precision probability test

# p-value was calculated by the Mann-Whitney U test