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. 2025 Aug 22;11:112. doi: 10.1186/s40814-025-01691-9

Table 1.

Comparison of key characteristics of intervention and control arm group sessions

IM Adapted Control group
Group run by Muslim women with standard NHS CBT training who have additionally received specialised training in the delivery of the IM-Adapted intervention Group run by Psychological Wellbeing Practitioners who are Muslim women with standard NHS CBT training
Starting the treatment with the Dua (Islamic prayer) Normal introductions to the session
CBT Components including the 5 areas model [56] CBT components including the 5 areas model [56]
Supportive space to have open conversations, using questions around culture and religiosity to prompt discussion and hearing from others Supportive space to have conversations without religious and cultural prompting
Islamic content and stories related to depression from the Quran and stories of the time of the prophet, having discussions around this Not included
Homework setting Homework setting
Journaling every week allowing time to reflect on cultural and religious learning from the sessions with prompted questions Non-culturally or religiously informed journaling activity
Ending with cultural and religious reflections and key learning Ending with general reflections and key learning
Ending with a Dua (Islamic prayer) for hope Not included
Being provided with IM booklets around mental health, which is faith based Booklet and content from the slides