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. 2025 Aug 21;25:213. doi: 10.1186/s12894-025-01895-4

Table 3.

Multivariable logistic regression evaluating for predictors of financial toxicity

OR (95% CI) p-value
Age 0.941(0.914–0.969) < 0.001
Race
 White ref ref
 Non-white 4.305(1.567–11.827) 0.005
Education
 College graduate ref ref
 High school or partial college 0.543(0.248–1.19) 0.127
 Professional school 0.408(0.175–0.949) 0.037
Employment
 Employed or current student ref ref
 Retired, out of work or unable to work 1.332(0.542–3.277) 0.532
 Type 2 Diabetes 1.654(0.799–3.423) 0.175
 Prior BPH surgeries 0.854(0.404–1.803) 0.678
 OAB 0.861(0.379–1.955) 0.72
 IPSS 1.041(0.992–1.092) 0.1
Type of incontinence
 None ref ref
 UUI or SUI alone 1.279(0.504–3.244) 0.605
 Mixed 3.233(1.15–9.084) 0.026

Abbreviations: OR Odds ratio, CI confidence Interval, BPH Benign prostate hyperplasia, OAB Overactive bladder, IPSS International Prostate Symptom Score, UUI Urge urinary incontinence, SUI Stress urinary incontinence