Fig. 6.

Comprehensive summary of the role of oxidative stress in TME targeting. Antioxidative strategies, including T-cell thiol protection, NK cell Trx system activation, CAF oxidative enzyme inhibition, MDSC PI3K/Akt blockage, and macrophage ROS scavenging, have been adopted to facilitate immunological cytotoxicity and immunosuppression reversal. Meanwhile, ROS-inducing β-glucan training of neutrophils and SDT treatment of M2 macrophages inhibited cancer progression. TME, tumor microenvironment. NK cells, natural killer cells. Trx, thioredoxin. CAFs, cancer-associated fibroblasts. MDSCs, myeloid-derived suppressor cells. ROS, reactive oxygen species. SDT, Sonodynamic Therapy. The figure was created using BioRender.com