Table 2.
Determination and comparison of changes in dimensions of illness perception between control and intervention groups before and 4 weeks after intervention
| Dimensions of illness perception | Intervention group | Control group | Significance level P-value |
|
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Median (Q1-Q3) |
Median (Q1-Q3) |
|||
|
Disease Outcome (out of 10) |
Before Intervention | 7 (5–9) | 7 (6–9) | 0.451* |
| 4 Weeks After Intervention | 6 (5–7) | 7 (6–8) | 0.004* | |
| P-value | 0.005** | 0.694** | ||
| Effect Size*** | r = 0.43 | r = 0.06 | ||
|
Duration of Illness (out of 10) |
Before Intervention | 6 (4–8) | 6 (3–8) | 0.451* |
| 4 Weeks After Intervention | 5 (3–7) | 6 (4–7) | 0.054* | |
| P-value | 0.006** | 0.481** | ||
| Effect Size*** | r = 0.40 | r = 0.11 | ||
|
Personal Control (out of 10) |
Before Intervention | 6 (5–7) | 6 (4–7) | 0.460* |
| 4 Weeks After Intervention | 4 (2–5) | 6 (4–7) | 0.001* | |
| P-value | 0.001** | 0.891** | ||
| Effect Size*** | r = 0.85 | r = 0.02 | ||
|
Treatment Control (out of 10) |
Before Intervention | 3 (1–4) | 2 (1–4) | 0.494* |
| 4 Weeks After Intervention | 1 (1–2) | 3 (2–4) | 0.001* | |
| P-value | 0.001** | 0.040** | ||
| Effect Size*** | r = 0.66 | r = 0.29 | ||
|
Symptom Perception (out of 10) |
Before Intervention | 5 (3–7) | 6 (4–7) | 0.258* |
| 4 Weeks After Intervention | 5 (1–4) | 6 (4–7) | 0.001* | |
| P-value | 0.001** | 0.479** | ||
| Effect Size*** | r = 0.73 | r = 0.10 | ||
|
Concern (out of 10) |
Before Intervention | 8 (6–9) | 8 (7–9) | 0.626* |
| 4 Weeks After Intervention | 5 (3–7) | 8 (6–9) | 0.001* | |
| P-value | 0.001** | 0.784** | ||
| Effect Size*** | r = 0.73 | r = 0.04 | ||
|
Understanding (out of 10) |
Before Intervention | 8 (5–9) | 7 (5–8) | 0.156* |
| 4 Weeks After Intervention | 2 (1–4) | 7 (6–8) | 0.001* | |
| P-value | 0.001** | 0.885** | ||
| Effect Size*** | r = 0.84 | r = 0.02 | ||
|
Emotional Response (out of 10) |
Before Intervention | 7 (5–8) | 7 (5–8) | 0.576* |
| 4 Weeks After Intervention | 3 (2–5) | 7 (6–7) | 0.001* | |
| P-value | 0.001** | 0.796** | ||
| Effect Size*** | r = 0.87 | r = 0.04 | ||
| Overall Illness Perception (Quantitative) (out of 80) | Intervention group | Control group | Significance Level**** | |
| Mean ± SD | Mean ± SD | |||
| Before Intervention | 46.29 ± 9.19 | 46.69 ± 9.25 | 0.821 | |
| 4 Weeks After Intervention | 30.53 ± 6.30 | 47.13 ± 7.08 | 0.001 | |
| Significance Level***** | 0.001 | 0.598 | ||
| Cohen’s d Effect Size****** | 1.89 | -0.07 | ||
*Mann-Whitney, **Wilcoxon
***Effect size (r): 0.1–0.3 small, 0.3–0.5 medium, above 0.5 large effect
****Independent t-test
*****Paired t-test
******Effect size: 0.3–0.5 small, 0.5–0.7 medium, above 0.7 large effect