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. 2025 Aug 8;16:1652130. doi: 10.3389/fpsyg.2025.1652130

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Copyright © 2025 Jiang, Li, Hu and Ma.

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

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Correlation heatmap displaying relationships among variables such as KC, NC, PP, IL, RB, TU, PO, CB, DA, FL, Gender, Age, Edu, JD, and FT. Color-coded from blue (negative) through green to yellow (positive), with values indicated in each cell. Diagonal values are one, indicating self-correlation. — Heat map of correlation. The color gradient represents the strength of Pearson correlation (ranging from −1 to +1, from blue to yellow). For variable abbreviations, see Tables 2, 4; NC denotes network centrality, and PP refers to proactive personality.