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. 2025 Aug 7;16:1564880. doi: 10.3389/fpsyg.2025.1564880

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Copyright © 2025 Xiang, Huang, Zhao, Wang and Shao.

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

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Line graph showing learning engagement on the y-axis and emotional leisure on the x-axis, with categories Low (M-1SD) and High (M+1SD). Two lines, one solid representing "High" and one dashed representing "Low," indicate learning engagement increases with higher emotional leisure. — Interaction effect of self-education expectation and emotional leisure on learning engagement.