Table 2.
Descriptive statistics and bivariate correlations (grandparent).
| Variable | Min | Max | M | SD | EL | TR | AS | LC | PGI | LE | SEE |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| EL | 1 | 5 | 2.842 | 0.816 | 1 | ||||||
| TR | 1 | 5 | 4.032 | 0.889 | 0.452** | 1 | |||||
| AS | 1 | 5 | 3.335 | 0.967 | 0.619** | 0.596** | 1 | ||||
| LC | 1 | 5 | 4.005 | 0.847 | 0.438** | 0.462** | 0.501** | 1 | |||
| PGI | 1 | 5 | 3.280 | 0.767 | 0.507** | 0.376** | 0.454** | 0.442** | 1 | ||
| LE | 1 | 7 | 4.495 | 1.257 | 0.384** | 0.336** | 0.460** | 0.384** | 0.629** | 1 | |
| SEE | 1 | 4 | 3.527 | 0.617 | 0.206** | 0.146* | 0.233** | 0.189** | 0.246** | 0.320** | 1 |
EL, emotional leisure; TR, teaching rules; AS, academic support; LC, life care; PEI, parental education involvement; GEI, grandparental education involvement; PGI Personal growth initiative; LE Learning engagement; SEE, self-education expectation.
*p < 0.05, **p < 0.01.