Table 1.
Study sample: characteristics of participants with LTR data only (N = 59) and with LTR and MRI data (N = 32)
| Participants with LTR data | Total (N = 59) |
HC (n = 17) |
SCD (n = 24) |
MCI (n = 18) |
F/χ² | p |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age (years) | 71.19 ± 5.31 | 69.53 ± 4.63 | 72.71 ± 5.76 | 70.72 ± 5.00 | 1.944 | 0.153 |
| Gender (% women)a | 49.6 | 58.8 | 37.5 | 55.6 | 2.235 | 0.327 |
| Education (years) | 14.02 ± 2.62 | 14.41 ± 2.09 | 14.63 ± 2.93 | 12.83 ± 2.36 | 2.84 | 0.067 |
| Premorbid IQ (MWT-B) | 104.6 ± 3.20 | 105.0 ± 2.29 | 104.9 ± 2.68 | 103.5 ± 4.27 | 1.664 | 0.199 |
| MMSE | 29.08 ± 1.42 | 29.41 ± 0.87 | 29.21 ± 1.06 | 28.61 ± 2.06 | 1.578 | 0.215 |
| Handedness (% right)a | 93.0 | 94.1 | 91.7 | 93.8 | 1.841 | 0.765 |
| Days between assessments | 11.0 ± 6.4 | 13.0 ± 8.9 | 10.4 ± 4.7 | 9.8 ± 5.5 | 1.251 | 0.294 |
| Age (years) | 70.75 ± 5.41 | 69.46 ± 4.98 | 71.63 ± 5.65 | - | 1.251 | 0.272 |
| Gender (% women)a | 40.6 | 46.2 | 36.5 | - | 0.277 | 0.598 |
| Education (years) | 14.36 ± 2.50 | 14.31 ± 2.02 | 14.84 ± 2.81 | - | 0.346 | 0.561 |
| Premorbid IQ (MWT-B) | 105.0 ± 2.54 | 105.1 ± 2.46 | 104.8 ± 2.65 | - | 0.064 | 0.802 |
| MMSE | 29.25 ± 0.98 | 29.31 ± 0.95 | 29.21 ± 1.03 | - | 0.073 | 0.789 |
| Handedness (% right)a | 90.6 | 92.3 | 89.5 | - | 0.764 | 0.683 |
| Days between assessments | 11.4 ± 5.8 | 12.3 ± 7.0 | 10.8 ± 5.0 | - | 0.479 | 0.494 |
| Left hippocampus volume (mm3) | 3,136.6 ± 291.6 | 3,147.8 ± 299.9 | 3,128.9 ± 239.9 | - | 0.031 | 0.861 |
| Right hippocampus volume (mm3) | 3,212.0 ± 281.5 | 3,188.8 ± 286.5 | 3,227.9 ± 284.7 | - | 0.145 | 0.706 |
Data presented as means ± standard deviations unless otherwise indicated. P-values refer to comparisons based on univariate analysis of variance or achi-square tests across groups. LTR: long-term retrieval; HC: healthy controls; SCD: subjective cognitive decline; MCI: mild cognitive impairment; MWT-B: Mehrfachwahl-Wortschatz-Intelligenz-Test (premorbid intelligence measure; [49]); MMSE: Mini-Mental Status Examination. Handedness according to Briggs-Nebes Test [50]