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. 2025 Aug 21;33:34. doi: 10.1186/s12998-025-00596-x

Table 1.

Continuing education credits by profession

Profession Mean CE Hours
(95% CI)
% States allow
research CE
% States allow
teaching CE
AT 25 (22.9, 27.1) 100 100
DC 18.5 (16.3, 20.6) 30.8 50.0
PT* 14.5 (12.3, 16.6) 88.0 92.0
DO* 27.7 (25.4, 29.9) 100 100
MD* 26.7 (24.4, 28.9) 100 100

*Excluded states that have no CE requirements MD/DO: CO, IN, MT, SD, NY; PT: ME, PR (specified laws could not be found). AT = athletic training; DC = chiropractic; PT = physical therapy; DO = osteopathic; MD = medicine