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. 2025 Aug 21;25:403. doi: 10.1186/s12905-025-03947-1

Table 3.

Regression analysis of variables predicting participants’ smoking

OR (%95 CI) P value
Type of Addiction
Substance OR = 1.16 (CI:0.16–8.40) 0.877
Alcohol(ref) 1 1
Age OR = 1.08 (CI:1.01–1.15) 0.25
Place of Residence
Metropolitan OR = 2.43 (CI:0.39–15.20) 0.342
City OR = 1.92 (CI:0.38–9.78) 0.433
Village (ref) 1 1
Education Status
University and higher OR = 2.98 (CI: 0.40-21.79) 0.284
High school OR = 2.02 (CI:0.22–18.34) 0.533
Middle school and below (ref) 1 1
Need for Mental Support
No OR = 4.4 (CI:0.70-28.38) 0.115
Yes(ref) 1 1
Hobbies
No OR = 5.09 (CI:0.74–38.82) 0.97
Yes(ref) 1 1
Perceived Social Support OR = 1.35 (CI:1.18–1.55) < 0.001
Low High(ref)
Marital Adjustment OR = 1.12 (CI: 1.00-1.26) 0.048
Incompatible Compatible(ref)

R2 = 0.849 (Nagelkerke)

Hosmer and Lemeshow test = 0.970