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. 2025 Aug 22;14(8):721–734. doi: 10.1302/2046-3758.148.BJR-2024-0412.R1

Fig. 2.

Four 3D panels (a to d) of a gridded knee joint with coloured rods and lines. a) to c) Vertical rods (blue or grey) on the left; curved lines (purple or green) around the knee joint. d) Green lines cross in an X; brown rod behind the knee joint. Four-panel 3D visualization of a knee joint with surface grid overlay and various coloured structural elements. a) Three vertical blue rods on the left; two purple lines curve around the bottom. b) Same blue rods; purple lines curve around both sides. c) Three vertical grey rods on the left; two green lines curve around both sides. d) Two green lines cross in an X-shape over the knee joint; one vertical brown rod positioned behind.

Schematic diagram of different internal fixation techniques. a) Candy box (CB) technique combined with high-strength sutures and Nice knot (CB-H). b) CB technique combined with tendon sutures and Nice knot (CB-T). c) CB technique combined with steel wires (CB-S). d) Tension-band wiring combined with cerclage wiring (TBWC).