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. 2025 Aug 22;25:2898. doi: 10.1186/s12889-025-24137-6

Table 1.

Differences in the prevalence of health outcomes across characteristics

Overall, N (%) Anxiety, N (%) P Depression, N (%) P ADC, N (%) P
Age (years), mean(SD) 14.9(1.7) 15.3(1.8) < 0.001 15.3(1.7) < 0.001 15.3(1.7) < 0.001
11–14 10,092 (48.8) 1469 (14.6) < 0.001 1156 (11.5) < 0.001 839 (8.3) < 0.001
15–18 10,600 (51.2) 2570 (24.2) 1949 (18.4) 1450 (13.7)
Gender
Boy 10,497 (50.7) 1721 (16.4) < 0.001 1352 (12.9) < 0.001 945 (9.0) < 0.001
Girl 10,195 (49.3) 2318 (22.7) 1753 (17.2) 1344 (13.2)
Residence
Urban 11,622 (56.2) 2320 (20.0) 0.077 1861 (16.0) < 0.001 1328 (11.4) 0.059
Rural 9070 (43.8) 1719 (19.0) 1244 (13.7) 961 (10.6)
Boarding status
Yes 1677 (8.1) 489 (29.2) < 0.001 333 (19.9) < 0.001 256 (15.3) < 0.001
No 19,015 (91.9) 3550 (18.7) 2772 (14.6) 2033 (10.7)
Education level
Middle school 10,092 (48.8) 1585 (14.9) < 0.001 1239 (11.6) < 0.001 907 (8.5) < 0.001
High school 10,600 (51.2) 2454 (24.5) 1866 (18.6) 1382 (13.8)
Internet addiction(IA)
Yes 1722 (8.3) 560 (32.5) < 0.001 475 (27.6) < 0.001 375 (21.8) < 0.001
No 18,970 (91.7) 3479 (18.3) 2630 (13.9) 1914 (10.1)
Physical activity(PA)
IPA 9673 (46.7) 1918 (17.4) < 0.001 1422 (12.9) < 0.001 1053 (9.6) < 0.001
MVPA 11,019 (53.3) 2121 (21.9) 1683 (17.4) 1236 (12.8)
Obesity
Yes 4375 (21.1) 812 (18.6) 0.071 661 (15.1) 0.847 488 (11.2) 0.843
No 16,317 (78.9) 3227(39.8) 2444 (15.0) 1801 (11.0)

ADC anxiety-depression comorbidity, IPA insufficient physical activity, MVPA moderate-to-vigorous physical activity