Table 2. Textual and visual references to the “underrepresented in biomedical research” (UBR) codebook by the number of posts (n) and proportion (%) relative to the total dataset (n=380).
| UBR code and subcodesa | Textual references | Visual references | Either reference type |
|---|---|---|---|
| Any, n (%) | 88 (23) | 172 (45) | 209 (55) |
| “Race and Ethnicity,” n (%)b | 65 (17) | 159 (42) | 187 (49) |
| “Asian” | 2 (1) | 29 (8) | 30 (8) |
| “Black, African or African American” | 21 (6) | 106 (28) | 113 (30) |
| “Hispanic, Spanish, or Latino” | 38 (10) | 49 (13) | 73 (19) |
| Other | 1 (0) | —c | 1 (0) |
| Ambiguous | — | 5 (1) | 5 (1) |
| “Age,” n (%) | 2 (1) | 69 (18) | 71 (19) |
| “Children 17 or younger” | — | 42 (11) | 42 (11) |
| “Adults 65 or older” | 1 (0) | 32 (8) | 33 (9) |
| Nonspecific, n (%) | 19 (5) | — | 19 (5) |
| “Gender Identity,” n (%) | 3 (1) | — | 3 (1) |
| “Sex Assigned at Birth,” n (%) | 3 (1) | — | 3 (1) |
| “Geography,” n (%) | 2 (1) | — | 2 (1) |
| “Sexual Orientation,” n (%) | 2 (1) | — | 2 (1) |
| “Access to Care,” n (%) | — | — | — |
| “Annual Household Income,” n (%) | — | — | — |
| “Disability,” n (%) | — | — | — |
| “Educational Attainment,” n (%) | — | — | — |
a
Codes and subcodes with quotation marks came verbatim from the All of Us Research Program [5,16], whereas codes and subcodes in italics came from the authors. Only “Race and Ethnicity” and “Age” have subcodes listed because these were the only codes with related subcodes assigned to any posts.
b
The “Race and Ethnicity” code could be assigned only once to a particular post, even if multiple subcodes within “Race and Ethnicity” were assigned to that same post. The same was true for the “Age” code.
c
Absence of posts.