Table 2.
Associations between yellow fever virus and/or West Nile virus seroreactivity and abnormal infant outcomes upon subsequent arbovirus infection among pregnant women in Jos, Nigeria.
| Abnormal infant outcome | Fisher’s exact p-value | Logistic regression | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| No, # (%) | Yes, # (%) | Odds ratio (95% CI) | |||
| YFV/WNV WB reactivity | 0·36 | ||||
| No | 46 (75·4) | 15 (24·6) | Ref | – | |
| Yes | 60 (68·2) | 28 (31·8) | 1·28 (0·62–2·64) | 0·50 | |
| ZIKV IgM reactivity | 1·00 | ||||
| No | 86 (71·1) | 35 (28·9) | Ref | – | |
| Yes | 20 (71·4) | 8 (28·6) | 1·01 (0·58–1·75) | 0·98 | |
| DENV IgM reactivity | 0·86 | ||||
| No | 61 (79·1) | 26 (29·9) | Ref | – | |
| Yes | 45 (72·6) | 17 (27·4) | 1·37 (0·73–2·58) | 0·32 | |
| CHIKV IgM reactivity | 0·03* | ||||
| No | 61 (79·2) | 16 (20·8) | Ref | – | |
| Yes | 45 (62·5) | 27 (37·5) | 2·51 (1·45–4·35) | 0·00* | |
| Site | 0·57 | ||||
| JUTH | 32 (68·1) | 15 (31·9) | |||
| OLA | 74 (72·6) | 28 (27·4) | |||
| Year screened | 0·33 | ||||
| 2019 | 51 (66·2) | 26 (33·8) | |||
| 2020 | 26 (72·2) | 10 (27·8) | |||
| 2021–22 | 29 (80·6) | 7 (19·4) | |||
| Age (years) a | 30 [26–33] | 1·07 (1·02–1·11) | 0·00* | ||
| Trimester | 0·47 | ||||
| 1st and 2nd (1-27 weeks). | 60 (74·1) | 21 (25·9) | |||
| 3rd (≥28 weeks). | 46 (67·7) | 22 (32·3) | |||
*Asterisks denote p < 0·05. Statistical analyses include Fisher’s exact test and logistic regression. a Median [interquartile range] is shown for Age (years).
Abbreviations: YFV, yellow fever virus; WB, Western blot; ZIKV, Zika virus; DENV, dengue virus; CHIKV, chikungunya virus; JUTH, Jos University Teaching Hospital; OLA, Our Lady of Apostles Hospital.