Table 3.

Subgroup analysis results.

Subgroup	K	Effect size (r)	P	95% CI		Q-value
				Lower	Upper
Type
Psychological wellbeing	7	0.460	0.001	0.198	0.661	1.359
Subjective wellbeing	12	0.298	<0.001	0.186	0.402
Age
25–44 years	3	0.573	0.160	−0.251	0.915	1.883
≥45 years	4	0.230	0.001	0.096	0.355
<25 years	7	0.334	<0.001	0.205	0.451
Sampling methods
On-site	10	0.384	<0.001	0.229	0.521	4.010*
Online	5	0.195	<0.001	0.091	0.296
Culture
Eastern	12	0.452	<0.001	0.289	0.589	9.381**
Western	8	0.171	<0.001	0.106	0.236

K = number of correlation coefficients; r = estimated correlation coefficient; *p < 0.005; **p < 0.001, *** = p < 0.001.