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. 2025 Aug 21;55(4):215–220. doi: 10.4274/tjo.galenos.2025.53498

Table 2. Associated systemic and ocular conditions .

Etiology - systemic, patients, n (%)

Spondyloarthropathies

Behçet’s disease

Undifferentiated connective tissue disorders

JIA

Sarcoidosis

TINU

Vogt-Koyanagi-Harada syndrome

Multiple sclerosis

-

57 (12.8)

82 (18.5)

8 (1.8)

17 (3.8)

14 (3.1)

2 (0.4)

5 (1.1)

2 (0.4)

Etiology - ophthalmic, eyes, n (%)

Herpetic uveitis

Fuchs uveitic syndrome

CMV uveitis

Posner-Schlossmann syndrome

Toxoplasmosis/toxocariasis

-

32 (5.3)

5 (0.8)

2 (0.3)

4 (0.7)

11 (1.8)

Uveitis treatment, eyes, n (%)

Topical corticosteroids

Systemic treatment

Corticosteroids

Conventional immunosuppressives

Anti-TNFα agents

Intravitreal dexamethasone implant

Anterior

Intermediate

Posterior

Panuveitis

-

594 (100)

-

358 (60.3)

98 (16.4)

87 (14.5)

34 (5.7)

2 (0.3)

7 (1.2)

4 (0.7)

21 (3.5)

JIA: Juvenile idiopathic arthritis, TINU: Tubulointerstitial nephritis and uveitis syndrome, CMV: Cytomegalovirus, TNF: Tumor necrosis factor