Figure 1.

Cardiac systolic dysfunction in 5XFAD compared to WT mice chronologically. (A) Echocardiography showed that 5XFAD mice developed progressive cardiac systolic dysfunction over time with reduced left ventricular function as shown by ejection fraction (EF) and fractional shortening (FS). Upper: Representative images of M-mode echocardiography. Lower: Quantification of echocardiography measurements for EF and FS. Biological replicates N = 9 for each group. P-value was determined by two-way ANOVA with Tukey's post hoc test. (B) Electrocardiography (ECG) showed that 5XFAD mice developed a decreased electrical signal over time with a reduced P wave, QRT complex, and the T wave. Upper: Representative images of ECG parameters. Lower: Quantification of ECG measurements. Biological replicates N = 8 for each group. P-value was determined by two-way ANOVA with Tukey's post hoc test.