TABLE 5.
Response topographies and assessment and treatment formats used in challenging behavior consecutive controlled case series (CCCS) studies.
| Challenging behavior variables (n = 67) | Number of studies (%) |
|---|---|
|
| |
| Response topographies (n = 67a) | |
| Self-injury | 46 (68.66%) |
| Aggression | 43 (64.18%) |
| Disruptive behavior or property destruction | 42 (62.69%) |
| Negative or loud vocalizations | 28 (41.79%) |
| Elopement | 19 (28.36%) |
| Inappropriate sexual behavior | 13 (19.40%) |
| Pica | 12 (17.91%) |
| Dropping and flopping | 9 (13.43%) |
| Disrobing | 9 (13.43%) |
| Inappropriate mealtime behavior | 9 (13.43%) |
| Verbal aggression | 8 (11.94%) |
| Spitting | 7 (10.45%) |
| Stereotypy | 6 (8.96%) |
| Self-restraint | 5 (7.58%) |
| Emesis or regurgitation | 5 (7.58%) |
| Ritualistic behavior | 2 (2.99%) |
| Rectal digging and fecal smearing | 2 (2.99%) |
| Food stealing | 1 (1.49%) |
| Stimuli assessment format (n = 22a) | |
| Preference assessment | 12 (54.55%) |
| Competing stimulus assessment | 7 (31.82%) |
| Skills assessment | 1 (4.55%) |
| Demand assessment | 1 (4.55%) |
| Other | 1 (4.55%) |
| Functional behavioral assessment (n = 67a) | |
| Experimental | 61 (91.04%) |
| Indirect | 34 (50.75%) |
| Descriptive | 24 (35.82%) |
| Experimental format (n = 61) | |
| Isolated contingency analysis | 39 (63.93%) |
| Synthesized contingency analysis | 11 (18.03%) |
| Unspecified | 7 (11.48%) |
| Combination | 4 (6.56%) |
| Treatment outcomes (n = 39) | |
| Behavior reduction and skill acquisition | 18 (46.15%) |
| Treatment challenge (relapse, resurgence, renewal) | 12 (30.77%) |
| Behavior reduction only | 7 (17.95%) |
| Skill acquisition only | 1 (2.56%) |
a
The total percentage may exceed 100 due to the possibility of multiple selections.