Table 1.

Gradient design of organic fertilizer application.

Treatment	Urea (kg·ha−1)	SOP (kg·ha−1)	DAP (kg·ha−1)	PDP (kg·ha−1)	OF (kg·ha−1)	Total fertility (kg·ha−1)	$\frac{\text{OF}\times 7.06\%}{250}\times 100\%$
CK	373.35	600.00	434.78	0	0	1408.13	0%
T40	169.81	545.87	399.37	0	1416.43	2531.48	40%
T60	68.04	530.34	381.67	0	2124.65	3104.7	60%
T80	0	464.97	277.78	76.24	2832.86	3651.85	80%

Organic fertilizer (OF): 7.06% N, 1.15% P₂O₅, and 1.14% K₂O. CK: 0% OF, T40: 40% OF, T60: 60% OF, and T80: 80% OF. Synthetic fertilizers: urea (46% N), diammonium phosphate (DAP: 18% N and 46% P₂O₅), potassium sulfate (SOP: 52% K₂O), and monopotassium phosphate (PDP: 52% P₂O₅ and 34%K₂O) used as needed to maintain balanced nutrient inputs.