Table 2.
Univariable and multivariable Cox regression analyses of risk factors for survival.
| Characteristics | Overall survival | Disease-free survival | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Univariable model | Multivariable model | Univariable model | Multivariable model | |||||
| HR (95% CI) | P- value | HR (95% CI) | P- value | HR (95% CI) | P- value | HR (95% CI) | P- value | |
| Group | ||||||||
| SMA | Ref | Ref | ||||||
| SSA | 1.37 (0.65–2.90) | 0.41 | 1.54 (0.80–2.97) | 0.20 | ||||
| Age, year | ||||||||
| ≤ 65 | Ref | Ref | Ref | Ref | ||||
| >65 | 2.15 (1.02–4.52) | 0.04 | 1.71 (0.81–3.59) | 0.16 | 2.31 (1.21–4.41) | 0.01 | 1.83 (0.95–3.51) | 0.07 |
| Sex | ||||||||
| Female | Ref | Ref | ||||||
| Male | 0.53 (0.25–1.11) | 0.09 | 0.76 (0.39–1.47) | 0.41 | ||||
| BMI, kg/m2 | ||||||||
| ≤25 | Ref | Ref | ||||||
| >25 | 1.06 (0.43–2.61) | 0.90 | 0.75 (0.31–1.79) | 0.51 | ||||
| Tumor location | ||||||||
| Lower | Ref | Ref | ||||||
| Middle | 0.82 (0.32–2.12) | 0.69 | 0.68 (0.29–1.59) | 0.37 | ||||
| Upper | 1.41 (0.58–3.47) | 0.45 | 1.32 (0.61–2.88) | 0.49 | ||||
| Tumor size, cm | ||||||||
| ≤4 | Ref | Ref | Ref | Ref | ||||
| >4 | 5.08 (2.16–11.95) | <0.0001 | 1.85 (0.78–4.37) | 0.16 | 4.03 (2.00–8.15) | <0.001 | 1.77 (0.84–3.70) | 0.13 |
| Type of reconstruction | ||||||||
| Billroth I/II | Ref | Ref | ||||||
| Roux-en-Y | 1.61 (0.82–3.15) | 0.16 | 1.75 (0.97–3.17) | 0.07 | ||||
| Pathological type | ||||||||
| Differentiated | Ref | Ref | ||||||
| Undifferentiated | 0.75 (0.36–1.58) | 0.45 | 0.78 (0.41–1.49) | 0.45 | ||||
| pT stage (AJCC8th) | ||||||||
| T1/2 | Ref | Ref | Ref | Ref | ||||
| T3/4 | 5.20 (2.89–1272.04) | 0.008 | 4.32 (2.16–68.63) | <0.001 | 16.40 (3.94–68.21) | <0.001 | 6.18 (1.30–29.27) | 0.02 |
| pN stage (AJCC8th) | ||||||||
| N0 | Ref | Ref | Ref | Ref | ||||
| N + | 21.92 (2.98–161.35) | 0.002 | 5.38 (1.71–40.88) | 0.004 | 14.51 (3.49–60.32) | <0.001 | 5.72 (1.25–26.16) | 0.03 |
| Adjuvant chemotherapy | ||||||||
| No | Ref | Ref | Ref | |||||
| Yes | 2.07 (0.88–4.86) | 0.10 | 2.12 (1.00–4.49) | 0.050 | 0.67 (0.31–1.46) | 0.31 | ||
HR: hazard ratio; CI: confidence interval; SMA: submucosal approach; SSA: subserosal approach; AJCC: American Joint Committee on Cancer; ECOG: Eastern Cooperative Oncology performance status; BMI: body mass index (calculated as weight in kilograms divided by height in meters squared); pT: pathological T; pN: pathological N.