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. 2025 Jan 24;111(3):2385–2397. doi: 10.1097/JS9.0000000000002260

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Copyright © 2025 The Author(s). Published by Wolters Kluwer Health, Inc.

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Figure 5. — Percentage of disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) from non-communicable diseases (NCDs) attributable to level 2 risk factors, by age and sex, in 2021. Top row in each cell displays women’s percentage of DALYs attributed to a specific risk factor; the bottom row shows the percentage difference between sexes (men vs. women). Black labels indicate higher percentages in men; white labels denote lower. Blue rectangles highlight the top risk factor for women at each age stage, and yellow rectangles for men. X-axis labels (risk factors) are ordered from left to right by decreasing percentage of NCD age-standardized DALYs in 2021 at the global level. NCDs: Non-communicable diseases; DALYs: Disability-adjusted life years.