Table 11.

Characteristics of Randomized Clinical Trials by Presence of Guideline Citation

Characteristic	Absence of citing by guidelines, No. (%)	Presence of citing by guidelines, No. (%)	Total, No. (%)	P
Time of registration
2003 ~ 2013.06	55 (72.37)	26 (72.22)	81 (72.32)	0.987
2013.06 ~ 2023	21 (27.63)	10 (27.78)	31 (27.68)
Primary purpose
Treatment	62 (81.58)	32 (88.89)	94 (83.93)	0.141
Other	14 (18.42)	3 (8.33)	17 (15.18)
Prevent	0 (0.00)	1 (2.78)	1 (0.89)
Intervention
Pharmacological	56 (73.68)	22 (61.11)	78 (69.64)	0.177
Nonpharmacological	20 (26.32)	14 (38.89)	34 (30.36)
Intervention model
Crossover	15 (19.74)	4 (11.11)	19 (16.96)	0.517
Parallel	60 (78.95)	32 (88.89)	92 (82.14)
Factorial	1 (1.32)	0 (0.00)	1 (0.89)
Arm
2	65 (85.53)	25 (69.44)	90 (80.36)	0.097
3	8 (10.53)	9 (25.00)	17 (15.18)
≥4	3 (3.95)	2 (5.56)	5 (4.46)
Blinding
None or open label	22 (28.95)	12 (33.33)	34 (30.36)	0.442
Single	6 (7.89)	5 (13.89)	11 (9.82)
Double or more	48 (63.16)	19 (52.78)	67 (59.82)
Funder type
None or departmental	43 (56.58)	17 (47.22)	60 (53.57)	0.354
Industry or other external	33 (43.42)	19 (52.78)	52 (46.43)
Recruitment
Single center	35 (46.05)	9 (25.00)	44 (39.29)	0.022*
Multicenter	38 (50.00)	27 (75.00)	65 (58.04)
Missing	3 (3.95)	0 (0.00)	3 (2.68)
No. of participants
<350	55 (72.37)	22 (61.11)	77 (68.75)	0.230
≥350	21 (27.63)	14 (38.89)	35 (31.25)
PI region
Nonhigh SDI	20 (26.31)	4 (11.11)	24 (21.43)	0.067
High SDI	56 (73.68)	32 (88.89)	88 (78.57)
PI region
<90	68 (89.47)	27 (75.00)	95 (84.82)	0.046*
≥90	8 (10.53)	9 (25.00)	17 (15.18)
PI region
High income	60 (78.95)	32 (88.89)	92 (82.14)	0.200
Nonhigh income	16 (21.05)	4 (11.11)	20 (17.86)
PI region
North America	27 (35.53)	14 (38.89)	41 (36.61)	0.942
Europe	20 (26.32)	9 (25.00)	29 (25.89)
Other	29 (38.16)	13 (36.11)	42 (37.50)

^*P < 0.05