Table 3.
Characteristics of RCTs According to Publication Status
| Characteristic | Not published, No. (%) | Published, No. (%) | Total, No. (%) | P |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Funder type | ||||
| None or departmental | 19 (37.25) | 72 (55.81) | 91 (50.56) | 0.025* |
| Industry or other external | 32 (62.75) | 57 (44.19) | 89 (49.44) | |
| Intervention | ||||
| Procedure | 5 (9.80) | 28 (21.71) | 33 (18.33) | 0.273 |
| Drug | 39 (76.47) | 87 (67.44) | 126 (70.00) | |
| Device | 4 (7.84) | 8 (6.20) | 12 (6.67) | |
| Other | 3 (5.88) | 6 (4.65) | 9 (5.00) | |
| Recruitment | ||||
| Single center | 21 (41.18) | 53 (41.09) | 74 (41.11) | 0.956 |
| Multicenter | 28 (54.90) | 72 (55.81) | 100 (55.56) | |
| Missing | 2 (3.92) | 4 (3.10) | 6 (3.33) | |
| Arm | ||||
| 2 | 44 (86.27) | 105 (81.40) | 149 (82.78) | 0.243 |
| 3 | 3 (5.88) | 19 (14.73) | 22 (12.22) | |
| ≥4 | 1 (1.96) | 5 (3.88) | 6 (3.33) | |
| Missing | 3 (5.88) | 0 (0.00) | 3 (1.67) | |
| Intervention model | ||||
| Crossover | 9 (17.65) | 19 (14.73) | 28 (15.56) | 0.828 |
| Parallel | 42 (82.35) | 108 (83.72) | 150 (83.33) | |
| Factorial | 0 (0.00) | 2 (1.55) | 2 (1.11) | |
| Blinding | ||||
| None or open label | 12 (23.53) | 37 (28.68) | 49 (27.22) | 0.416 |
| Single | 3 (5.88) | 14 (10.85) | 17 (9.44) | |
| Double or more | 36 (70.59) | 78 (60.47) | 114 (63.33) | |
| Primary purpose | ||||
| Prevent | 0 (0.00) | 1 (0.78) | 1 (0.56) | 0.163 |
| Other | 3 (5.88) | 18 (13.95) | 21 (11.67) | |
| Supportcare | 1 (1.96) | 0 (0.00) | 1 (0.56) | |
| Treatment | 47 (92.16) | 110 (85.27) | 157 (87.22) | |
| No. of participants | ||||
| <350 | 42 (82.35) | 93 (72.09) | 135 (75.00) | 0.152 |
| ≥350 | 9 (17.65) | 36 (27.91) | 45 (25.00) | |
| PI region | ||||
| <90 | 50 (98.04) | 112 (86.82) | 162 (90.00) | 0.024* |
| ≥90 | 1 (1.96) | 17 (13.18) | 18 (10.00) | |
| PI region | ||||
| North America | 17 (33.33) | 47 (36.43) | 64 (35.56) | 0.670 |
| Europe | 11 (21.57) | 33 (25.58) | 44 (24.44) | |
| Other | 23 (45.10) | 49 (37.98) | 72 (40.00) | |
| PI region | ||||
| Nonhigh SDI | 13 (25.49) | 30 (23.26) | 43 (23.89) | 0.751 |
| High SDI | 38 (74.51) | 99 (76.74) | 137 (76.11) | |
| PI region | ||||
| High income | 40 (78.43) | 103 (79.84) | 143 (79.44) | 0.833 |
| Nonhigh income | 11 (21.57) | 26 (20.16) | 37 (20.56) | |
| Time of registration | ||||
| 2003–2013.06 | 33 (64.71) | 84 (65.12) | 117 (65.00) | 0.959 |
| 2013.06–2023 | 18 (35.29) | 45 (34.88) | 63 (35.00) | |
*
P < 0.05