Skip to main content
. 2025 Jul 9;38:10. doi: 10.5334/irsp.918

Table 2.

Correlations and Descriptive Statistics (Study 2a).


VARIABLE 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

1. Conditions

2. Manipulation check .89***

3. PUEM –.46*** –.50***

4. Self-improvement –.25** –.31*** .75***

5. Self-esteem –.10 –.12 .22*** .23***

6. SSES –.02 –.09 .10 .15* .17**

7. Gender –.05 –.07 .05 .07 .09 –.08

8. Age –.03 –.11 .08 .22*** .14* .22*** .11

9. Education .04 .08 –.11 –.16* .00 .16* –.03 –.16**

M 4.24 4.44 4.80 5.64 5.40 28.03 5.08

SD 2.02 1.53 1.41 0.96 1.30 7.85 0.74

Notes. PUEM: perceived upward economic mobility; *p < .05, **p < .01, ***p < .001.