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. 2025 Aug 22;11(34):eadw4289. doi: 10.1126/sciadv.adw4289

Fig. 1. Dry conduction measurements of ANME/SRB consortia and G. sulfurreducens.

Fig. 1.

(A) Sediment-free enrichments of ANME-1/Desulfofervidus, ANME-2a/Seep-SRB1, and ANME-2a+2c/Seep-SRB1+2 consortia (left to right). (B) Schematic of the interdigitated microelectrode array (IDA), consisting of two 10-μm-wide working electrodes separated by a 5-μm gap. Biomass was dried onto the IDA to promote physical contact with the electrode surface. Conductance was determined from the linear slope of the current-voltage relationship measured across the two working electrodes. (C) ANME-1/Desulfofervidus, ANME-2a/Seep-SRB1, and ANME-2a+2c/Seep-SRB1+2 consortia and G. sulfurreducens electrogenic biofilm show high conductance when dried on the indium tin oxide (ITO) IDAs, whereas G. sulfurreducens nonelectrogenic planktonic cell pellets show low conductance. Black dashed lines indicate the means of the data points. Representative light microscopy of IDAs with dried biomass is shown above the sample names; see fig. S7 for enlarged microscopy images. Dashed line area in the blank indicates the working electrode area of an ITO IDA. The number of biological replicates is included in brackets after the sample names. (D) Dry conduction measurements of ANME-1/Desulfofervidus consortia on different IDA materials show comparable conductances. Black dashed lines indicate the means of the data points. The number of biological replicates is included in brackets after the material types. (E) Dry conduction of ANME-1/Desulfofervidus and ANME-2a+2c/Seep-SRB1+2 consortia remains the same with paraformaldehyde (PFA) fixation but decreases with heating and oxygen exposure. Solid lines represent linear regressions of the plotted data, and shaded areas represent the 95% confidence intervals of the linear regressions.