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. 2025 Aug 22;11(34):eadv9085. doi: 10.1126/sciadv.adv9085

Fig. 3. Geochemical variability of mare basalts and modeled trends of fractional crystallization and nonmodal mantle melting.

Fig. 3.

(A) Ni/Cr versus Mg#; (B) Ta/Ta* versus Mg# of bulk rocks. Data of the Apollo basalts (solution ICP-MS data) (12, 78), the KREEP materials (12, 30, 78), and CE-5 basalts (16, 76, 79) are also shown for comparison. (C) Ta/Nd and Zr/Nb in melts generated by melting of different mantle sources. The solid curves display trends of nonmodal partial melting of ilmenite peridotite (6% Ilm and 3% Cpx), Cpx-rich pyroxenite with no ilmenite (~70% Cpx), and ilmenite-bearing Cpx-rich pyroxenite (~3% Ilm and ~70% Cpx), respectively. The source compositions are calculated from (30). Numbers on the curves denote melting degree. The dashed curve denotes the fractionation trend of clinopyroxene (Cpx) in mare basalts using Apollo LT (12064) as a parental magma. Numbers on the curve denote proportion of fractionation. See Supplementary Text for the details of modeling.