Table 2.

Quality Evaluation by Drummond Checklist

Drummond Criteria	Afsar AJ, 2001	Smith AF, 2005	Maxwell WA, 2008	Lafuma A, 2008	Pineda R, 2010	De Vries NE, 2010	Lin JC, 2014	Kristianslund O, 2019	Hu JQ, 2019	Simons RWP, 2019	Bala C, 2022	Ranno S, 2022	HQO, 2009	HTAIn, 2018
1. Well-defined question?	Can't tell	Yes	Yes	Yes	Can't tell	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes
2. Adequate description of comparators?	Yes	Yes	Can't tell	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes
3. Evidence of effectiveness?	Can't tell	Yes	Can't tell	Yes	No	Can't tell	Yes	Yes	Can't tell	Yes	Yes	Yes	Can't tell	Yes
4. Relevant costs/consequences?	Yes	No	Yes	Can't tell	No	Yes	No	Can't tell	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Can't tell
5. Costs/consequences accurately measured?	Can't tell	Yes	No	Yes	Can't tell	Can't tell	Can't tell	Yes	Yes	Can't tell	Can't tell	Yes	Yes	Can't tell
6. Were the valuation costs/consequences credible?	Can't tell	Yes	Can't tell	Yes	Can't tell	Yes	Can't tell	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Can't tell	Yes
7. Was discounting used as appropriate?	No	No	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	No	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	No	Yes	No
8. Were incremental analyses appropriately reported?	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes
9. Were sensitivity analyses reported?	No	Yes	Can't tell	Yes	Yes	Yes	No	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	No	Yes	No
10. Was the discussion adequate?	Yes	Yes	Can't tell	Can't tell	Yes	Can't tell	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Can't tell
Percent of criteria met (%)	40	80	40	80	50	70	50	90	90	90	90	80	80	50

“Yes” represents met the quality criterion. “No” represents not met the quality criterion. “Can't tell” represents insufficient evidence to reach a conclusion.

Percent of criteria met (%) = numbers of “Yes” / 10 * 100%.