Table 3.
Adjusted hospital-level linear regression models for emergency department and intensive care unit profiles and outcomes.
| Outcomes | Clinician group |
||
|---|---|---|---|
| Overall (95% CI) | ED nurses (95% CI) | ICU nurses (95% CI) | |
| Poor care quality | |||
| Constant | 14.4* (7.7, 21.1) | 12.5† (1.4, 23.5) | 13.9‡ (4.5, 23.2) |
| ED & ICU nurse-unfavorable | 26.3* (19.9, 32.8) | 26.6* (15.9, 37.3) | 23.9* (14.9, 32.9) |
| ED nurse-unfavorable | 8.0‡ (2.2, 13.8) | 22.4* (12.8, 31.9) | −1.8 (−9.8, 6.3) |
| Unfavorable safety grade | |||
| Constant | 33.7* (25.9, 41.6) | 33.0* (22.0, 44.1) | 29.9* (19.3, 40.6) |
| ED & ICU nurse-unfavorable | 33.7* (26.1, 41.3) | 39.1* (28.4, 49.8) | 32.9* (22.6, 43.2) |
| ED nurse-unfavorable | 16.1* (9.3, 22.9) | 37.4* (27.9, 46.9) | 4.1 (−5.2, 13.3) |
| Burnout | |||
| Constant | 50.0* (43.1, 56.9) | 44.3* (33.8, 54.8) | 49.1* (38.9, 59.3) |
| ED & ICU nurse-unfavorable | 16.9* (10.2, 23.6) | 21.7* (11.5, 31.8) | 13.5‡ (3.6, 23.3) |
| ED nurse-unfavorable | 10.4‡ (4.5, 16.4) | 23.5* (14.4, 32.5) | 2.8 (−6.0, 11.0) |
| Job dissatisfaction | |||
| Constant | 28.1* (21.6, 34.6) | 23.6* (13.9, 33.3) | 27.9* (19.5, 36.5) |
| ED & ICU nurse-unfavorable | 22.7* (16.4, 29.0) | 25.9* (16.6, 35.4) | 21.9* (13.7, 30.2) |
| ED nurse-unfavorable | 10.9* (5.2, 16.6) | 26.8* (18.4, 35.2) | −0.9 (−8.3, 6.5) |
| Intent to leave | |||
| Constant | 25.4*(18.3, 32.5) | 20.6* (10.7, 30.6) | 25.9* (20.3, 31.6) |
| ED & ICU nurse-unfavorable | 11.7‡ (4.8, 18.5) | 13.4‡ (3.8, 23.1) | 11.5† (2.0, 20.9) |
| ED nurse-unfavorable | 5.2 (−0.9, 11.4) | 14.2‡ (5.6, 22.8) | −4.7 (−13.2, 3.7) |
Note. The table reports the mean outcome for the “ED and ICU nurse favorable” omitted category (represented as “constant”), and the differences between the mean outcome for hospital profiles 2 (and 3) and the reference profile (agree, favorable environment).
CI indicates confidence interval; ED, emergency department; ICU, intensive care unit.
Significance levels:.
*
P < .001.
†
P < .050.
‡
P < .010.