Table 2.

Echocardiographic measures

	Control		Exercise		PhAm		ExPhAm
	B	EOS	B	EOS	B	EOS	B	EOS
EDV(ul)	52.33 ± 7.6	45.18 ± 5.84	53.43 ± 7.4	44.9 ± 3.99	56.28 ± 15.0	49.92 ± 12.97	49.8 ± 6.0	46.5 ± 6.14
ESV(ul)	23.25 ± 5.1	17.7 ± 3.95	22.73 ± 5.1	17.78 ± 2.79	24.23 ± 10.4	16.82 ± 6.25	20.23 ± 3.7	19.83 ± 4.69
SV(ul)	29.08 ± 4.2	27.48 ± 2.88	30.73 ± 3.6	27.14 ± 1.28	32.00 ± 6.7	33.07 ± 7.46 a	29.55 ± 3.5	26.68 ± 3.44
FS (%)	31.43 ± 5.0	37.57 ± 3.25	30.70 ± 7.7	33.88 ± 5.6	32.6 ± 6.7	40.02 ± 8.37	31.4 0± 4.0	30.02 ± 10.94
CO (ml/min)	15.05 ± 2.5	14.58 ± 1.37	14.85 ± 1.9	13.16 ± 0.89	16.82 ± 2.7	17.3 ± 4.1 b	15.15± 1.18	14.1 ± 1.71
GLS (%)	−18.26 ± 3.1	−17.42 ± 2.89	−19.56 ± 1.9	−18.1 ± 3.63	−20.68 ± 2.5	−22.73 ± 3.62 c	−20.75 ± 2.3	−18.34 ±2.93
EF (%)	55.67 ± 5.7	60.83 ± 4.4	57.83 ± 5.2	60.4 ± 2.88	57.83 ± 8.1	67 ± 6.42 a	59.00 ± 4.3	57.33 ± 6.47
EDLVM	57.33 ± 5.8	69 ± 17.08	83.17 ± 17.9	61.4 ± 12.05	61.33 ± 10.5	61.67 ± 12.14	66.17 ± 7.9	59.17 ± 4.07
ESLVM	54.83 ± 7.1	62.17 ± 13.93	81.17 ± 17.4	57.6 ± 12.26	61.00 ± 11.2	59.33 ± 13.43	65.00 ± 8.7	53.83 ± 6.71
Heart Rate (bpm)	517.7 ± 44.00	531.73 ± 25.43	483.4 ± 32.9	486.08 ± 24.37	530.42 ± 33.9	523.88 ± 47.4	515.88 ± 29.2	527.82 ± 8.39
LV Mass (mg)	63.09 ± 3.52	72.56 ± 4.98	62.97 ± 7.0	69.03 ± 5.45	56.42 ± 11.7	64 ± 12.47	58.70 ± 5.8	63.73 ± 9.41
LV/BM Index (%)	2.88 ± 0.5	2.54 ± 0.26	2.40 ± 0.2	2.49 ± 0.14	2.45 ± 0.5	2.28 ± 0.39	2.44 ±0.1	2.46 ± 0.31

Data are mean ± standard deviatoin. B, Baseline; EOS, End of Study; PhAm, phellodendrun amurense; ExPhAm, exercise with phellodendrun amurense;

^ap≤0.01 compared to ExPhAm,

^bp<0.05 compared to exercise,

^cp<0.05 compared to control.