Table 2.
Sample and normative scores on psychological functioning measures
| Mean | Normative Mean(SD) | Observed Range | Possible Range | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| RSES Self-esteem ↑ | 20.15(6.68) | 22.62(5.80)a | 4 – 30 | 0 – 30 |
| NGSES Self-efficacy ↑ | 4.28(.65) | 3.87(.54)b | 1.88 – 5.00 | 1 – 5 |
| WHO-QOL BREF ↑ | ||||
| Physical health | 66.13(20.77) | 73.5(18.1)c | 21 – 100 | 0 – 100 |
| Psychological health | 67.71(21.73) | 70.6(14.0)c | 21 – 100 | 0 – 100 |
| Social relationships | 56.74(26.28) | 71.5(18.2)c | 0 – 100 | 0 – 100 |
| Environment | 67.85(17.78) | 75.1(13.0)c | 16 – 97 | 0 – 100 |
| WHODAS-2 Global disability ↓ | 11.13(8.68) | 3.1(5.3)d | 0 – 34 | 0 – 48 |
| PEG Pain interference ↓ | 2.33(2.26) | 4.1(3.1)e | 0 – 7.33 | 0 – 10 |
Note.
↓ = lower scores on this measure represent less functional disability
↑ = higher scores on this measure represent better functioning
a
normative scores drawn from Sinclair et al., 2010.
b
normative scores drawn from Chen et al., 2001.
c
scores drawn from Hawthorne et al., 2006.
d
normative scores drawn from Andrews et al., 2009.
e
scores drawn from Krebs et al., 2009.