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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2025 Aug 25.
Published in final edited form as: J Psychopathol Clin Sci. 2025 Aug 21;134(7):733–745. doi: 10.1037/abn0001046

Table 1.

Analysis Sample Characteristics

Variable/Measure n % M SD Range

Youth Demographics
Sex at Birth (female) 277 45.30 - - -
White and Non-Hispanic 389 80.90 - - -
Number of Parents with Bachelor’s degree at study entry
 0 Parents 23 4.80 - - -
 1 Parent 303 63.30 - - -
 2 Parents 153 31.90 - - -

Parental Lifetime History of Depression
(through youth age 9)
0 Depressed Parents 259 53.80 - - -
1 Depressed Parent 175 36.40 - - -
2 Depressed Parents 47 9.80 - - -

Youth Depression at age 15
K-SADS-PL Depression diagnosis 43 8.90 - -
CDI-Child Report - - 5.45 5.20 0–31.00
CDI-Mother Report - - 7.82 5.30 0–34.00
CDI-Father Report - - 7.92 5.03 0–36.00

Youth Depression at age 18
K-SADS-PL Depression diagnosis 90 18.07 - - -
CDI-Child Report - - 7.88 7.16 0–37.00
IDAS-Child Report - - 37.02 12.83 20–90.00

Note: K-SADS-PL =Kiddie Schedule for Affective Disorders and Schizophrenia for School-Aged Children, Present and Lifetime Version; CDI=Children’s Depression Inventory; IDAS=Inventory of Depression and Anxiety Symptoms. This table presents data prior to model testing and estimation of missing data. Two parents were missing education data.