Table 2.
Regressions of LUTS symptom index and bladder health scale scores on ethnic/racial identity and socioeconomic position variables, adjusting for age and vaginal parity. a
| Mean Difference in Symptom Index or Bladder Health Scale Score | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Ethnic and Racial Identity or Socioeconomic Position Variable | LURN SI-10 Score | Global Scale | Social-Occupational Scale | Physical Activity Scale | Travel Scale | Emotional Scale |
| b (95% CI) | b (95% CI) | b (95% CI) | b (95% CI) | b (95% CI) | b (95% CI) | |
|
| ||||||
| Ethnic and Racial Identity | ||||||
| (reference group, Non-Hispanic White) b | ||||||
| Hispanic, Any Race | 0.7 (0.1, 1.3) | −0.1 (−2.2, 2.0) | −3.8 (−5.6, −2.0) c | −4.1 (−6.8, −1.4) | −1.6 (−3.7, 0.6) | −3.3 (−5.6, −0.9) |
| Non‐Hispanic Asian | −1.5 (−2.1, −0.9) c | 4.2 (1.5, 7.0) | −1.6 (−4.0, 0.8) | 1.0 (−2.2, 4.2) | −0.9 (−3.9, 2.2) | −0.6 (−3.8, 2.5) |
| Non‐Hispanic Black | 0.2 (−0.4, 0.9) | 2.5 (0.3, 4.8) | −2.6 (−4.5, −0.7) | 3.0 (0.4, 5.6) | −1.0 (−3.4, 1.4) | 0.7 (−1.7, 3.0) |
| Non‐Hispanic Other Racial Identity | 1.2 (−1.0, 3.4) | −6.3 (−13.9, 1.4) | −5.6 (−12.4, 1.2) | −4.6 (−13.8, 4.7) | −4.9 (−14.2, 4.4) | −3.1 (−10.3, 4.2) |
| Non‐Hispanic Multiple Racial Identities | 0.8 (−0.6, 2.2) | −1.7 (−6.5, 3.0) | −3.5 (−8.5, 1.4) | 2.3 (−2.2, 6.9) | −1.7 (−7.3, 3.8) | −3.6 (−9.4, 2.3) |
| Education | ||||||
| (reference group, graduate degree after college) | ||||||
| High school/GED or less | 1.6 (0.9, 2.3) c | −0.7 (−3.1, 1.8) | −4.2 (−6.3, −2.2) c | −7.7 (−10.8, −4.6) c | −0.6 (−3.1, 1.8) | −5.2 (−8.0, −2.5) c |
| Some college or vocational training | 1.7 (1.1, 2.3) c | −3.6 (−5.9, −1.2) | −3.4 (−5.3, −1.6) c | −7.7 (−10.5, −4.9) c | −1.0 (−3.3, 1.2) | −5.3 (−7.8, −2.8) c |
| Vocational degree or associate degree | 1.1 (0.5, 1.8) c | −1.0 (−3.5, 1.4) | −2.9 (−4.8, −0.9) | −5.9 (−9.0, −2.9) c | −1.2 (−3.7, 1.3) | −2.8 (−5.5, −0.2) |
| Bachelor’s degree | −0.0 (−0.5, 0.4) | 0.6 (−1.3, 2.5) | 0.8 (−0.5, 2.1) | −0.7 (−2.7, 1.3) | 0.5 (−1.3, 2.3) | 0.6 (−1.3, 2.5) |
| % FPL by 100 (continuous variable) | −0.3 (−0.3, −0.2) c | 0.5 (0.3, 0.8) c | 0.9 (0.7, 1.1) c | 0.9 (0.6, 1.1) c | 0.6 (0.3, 0.8) c | 1.0 (0.7, 1.2) c |
| Health Insurance Coverage and Type | ||||||
| (reference group, private insurance) | ||||||
| No health insurance | 1.8 (0.5, 3.0) | 0.7 (−2.7, 4.2) | −4.9 (−8.4, −1.4) | −3.9 (−8.1, 0.4) | −5.3 (−9.6, −0.9) | −3.6 (−7.6, 0.5) |
| Medicaid only | 2.6 (1.6, 3.6) c | −4.9 (−8.2, −1.7) | −9.4 (−12.4, −6.4) c | −7.6 (−11.4, −3.8) c | −3.8 (−7.0, −0.5) | −10.6 (−14.3, −6.9) c |
| Medicare without supplemental health insurance | 0.7 (−0.0, 1.5) | −3.6 (−6.7, −0.5) | −3.9 (−6.3, −1.4) | −3.7 (−7.6, 0.3) | −3.3 (−6.1, −0.4) | −2.8 (−6.0, 0.4) |
| Medicare with supplemental health insurance besides Medicaid | 0.3 (−0.2, 0.9) | −3.1 (−5.6, −0.6) | −1.7 (−3.6, 0.3) | 2.9 (−0.2, 5.9) | −4.0 (−6.4, −1.5) | −0.6 (−3.3, 2.0) |
| Medicare and Medicaid | 1.7 (0.1, 3.3) | −1.2 (−6.2, 3.7) | −6.9 (−12.0, −1.9) | −4.4 (−10.2, 1.4) | −5.4 (−11.0, 0.1) | −6.4 (−11.9, −0.9) |
| Tricare, other military health care, VA health care, IHS, or other insurance | 0.6 (−0.3, 1.5) | −0.6 (−3.8, 2.6) | −3.3 (−6.0, −0.5) | −1.8 (−5.8, 2.2) | −2.0 (−5.3, 1.4) | −2.5 (−6.0, 1.0) |
| Usual Source of Health Care, Illness (yes versus no) | −0.3 (−1.2, 0.7) | 1.8 (−1.5, 5.2) | 3.1 (0.1, 6.1) | 4.2 (0.2, 8.3) | 1.6 (−1.9, 5.1) | 5.3 (1.3, 9.3) |
| Usual Source of Health Care, Prevention (yes versus no) | −0.2 (−1.3, 0.9) | 2.6 (−1.3, 6.6) | 1.7 (−1.7, 5.1) | 0.9 (−3.7, 5.5) | −0.6 (−4.5, 3.4) | 3.5 (−1.0, 8.0) |
a
Scores were separately regressed on ethnicity/race and each SEP variable. Higher scores on all bladder health scales indicate better health.
b
The reference group is Non-Hispanic White (no other endorsed race). Participants coded into the Non-Hispanic Asian, Non-Hispanic Black, and non-Hispanic White categories endorsed no other race.
c
This association was significant after adjustment for multiple comparisons.