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. 2025 Aug 14;2025:8124858. doi: 10.1155/prm/8124858

Table 4.

Between group differences after 4 weeks of treatment.

Outcomes Intervention group (n = 42)
Mean ± SD
Control group (n = 40)
Mean ± SD
p value
BDI 13.61 ± 3.72 15.48 ± 4.18 0.14a
HDRS 12.44 ± 3.60 14.08 ± 3.77 0.16a
GERD questionnaire 28.39 ± 9.74 35.54 ± 12.23 0.01a∗
NPRS 4.57 ± 0.91 4.95 ± 0.96 0.04b∗

Note: n, number of participants.

Abbreviations: BDI, Beck Depression Inventory; GERD, gastroesophageal reflux disease; HDRS, Hamilton Depression Rating Scale; NPRS, Numerical Pain Rating Scale; SD, standard deviation.

aStudent's t.

bMann–Whitney U.

Significant value, if p < 0.05.