Table 6.
Changes in anxiety symptoms.
| Study | Type of CBT approach | Hedges's g (95% CI) |
|---|---|---|
| Postassessment | ||
| Buntrock et al. [43] | i-CBT | −0.52 (−0.72 to −0.32) |
| Chen et al. [47] | i-CBT | −4.49 (−4.80 to −4.19) |
| Ebert et al. [49] | i-CBT | −0.22 (−0.49 to 0.06) |
| Karkosz et al. [52] | i-CBT | 0.03 (−0.41 to 0.47) |
| Kong et al. [53] | i-CBT and g-CBT | −0.75 (−1.03 to −0.47) |
| Mullin et al. [55] | i-CBT | −0.47 (−1.02 to 0.08) |
| Vázquez et al. [59] | g-CBT | 0.31 (−0.03 to 0.65) |
| Taguchi et al. [58] | i-CBT | −0.08 (−0.30 to 0.15) |
| Ying et al. [61] | i-CBT and in-CBT | −2.60 (−2.96 to –2.24) |
| Zarski et al. [62] | i-CBT and in-CBT | −0.43 (−0.63 to −0.23) |
| Overall: I2 = 99%; g = −0.92, Sig (p < 0.01) | −0.92 (−1.84 to −0.00) | |
| At follow-up | ||
| Buntrock et al. [44] | i-CBT | −0.38 (−0.60 to −0.16) |
| Chen et al. [47] | i-CBT | −2.00 (−2.22 to −1.78) |
| Ebert et al. [49] | i-CBT | −0.44 (−0.72 to −0.16) |
| Karkosz et al. [52] | i-CBT | −0.23 (−0.67 to 0.20) |
| Kong et al. [53] | i-CBT and g-CBT | −0.98 (−1.27 to −0.70) |
| Mullin et al. [55] | i-CBT | −0.87 (−1.44 to −0.30) |
| Vázquez et al. [59] | g-CBT | −0.08 (−0.42 to 0.26) |
| Taguchi et al. [58] | i-CBT | −0.17 (−0.39 to 0.06) |
| Ying et al. [61] | i-CBT and in-CBT | −2.58(−2.94 to –2.22) |
| Zarski et al. [62] | i-CBT and in-CBT | −0.32 (−0.52 to −0.12) |
| Overall: I2 = 97%; g = −0.70, Sig (p < 0.01) | −0.70 (−1.15 to −0.25) | |
Abbreviations: CI, confidence interval; g-CBT, group cognitive behavioral therapy; i-CBT, internet cognitive behavioral therapy; in-CBT, individual cognitive behavioral therapy.