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. 2025 Aug 15;2025:5294835. doi: 10.1155/pedi/5294835

Table 3.

Factors associated with BBD.

Factors OR (95% CI)
Diabetes status
 Control 1 (Reference)
 T1D 2.34 (1.15, 5.29)
Male sex 1.33 (0.76, 2.33)
Age, years 0.89 (0.82, 0.98)
zBMI classificationa
 Normal 1 (Reference)
 Overweight 1.53 (0.70, 3.15)
 Obese 1.78 (0.87, 3.53)

az-BMI calculated based on WHO Classification and not available for 11 participants; Overweight: 85th–<95th percentile; Obese ≥95th percentile [18, 19].