Fig. 2. Transient transformation by wild-type Agrobacterium strains. (a) A representative photo and (b) relative betalain accumulation levels normalized to the reference strain C58. Leaves of 30-day-old N. benthamiana were used for infiltration, and results were collected at 48 hpi. A total of four batches, with sample sizes ranging between 8 and 10 leaves per batch, were used. Each wild-type strain was tested in three different batches. The reference strain C58 was infiltrated into each leaf and used for normalization. Data points with a raw betalain accumulation value of zero or below were plotted under the dotted line that indicates the detection limit. The relative betalain accumulation levels among strains were compared using one-way ANOVA and Tukey post hoc test.