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. 2025 Jun 17;7(8):1550–1569. doi: 10.1038/s42255-025-01311-z

Extended Data Table 1.

Demographic Characteristics of Volunteers in SAD and MAD Studies and Baseline-to-End (Day 1 to Day 15) Treatment Profile of MAD Cohorts

Demographic and clinical characteristics of the single ascending dose (SAD) participants at baseline
SAD GROUP Number of patients 17 Race or ethnic group Number (%) Average body weight/weight range (kg) 74 /58-102
Average patient age (years) 36 White 15 (88%) Average Body Mass Index / range 25 / 20-30
Age range (years) 18-58 Asian 1 (6%) BMI Distribution Number (%)
Number (percent) of female patients 8 (47%) Black 0 <20 0 (0%)
Other 1 (6%) ≥20 - <25 7 (41%)
Number (percent) of male patients 9 (53%) Hispanic or Latino 4 (24%) ≥25 - ≤30 10 (59%)
Doses by Cohort mg/dose Doses (mg/dose/Kg) by Cohort Average (range)
SAD 1 200 SAD 1 2.8 (2.7 - 3.3)
SAD 2 400 SAD 2 5.3 (3.3 - 6.9)
SAD 3 800 SAD 3 11.4 (8.3 - 13.9)
Demographic and clinical characteristics of the multiple ascending dose (MAD) participants at baseline
MAD GROUP Number of patients 24 Race or Ethnic Group Number (%) Average body weight / weight range (kg) 93 / 77-109
Average patient age (years) 35 White 13 (57%) Average body mass index 31 / 28-34
Age range (years) 26-55 Asian 7 (30%) BMI distribution Number (%)
Number (percentage) of female patients 5 (22%) Black 1 (4%) ≥28 - <30 10 (43%)
Other 2 (9%) ≥30 - ≤35 13 (57%)
Number (percent) of male patients 18 (78%) Hispanic or Latino 4 (17%) >35 0
Doses by cohort mg/dose Doses (mg/dose/Kg) by Cohort Average (range)
MAD 1 100 MAD 1 1.0 (0.9 - 1.2)
MAD 2 150 MAD 2 1.7 (1.4 - 1.9)
MAD 3 200 MAD 3 2.1 (1.9- 2.2)
Characteristics of MAD participants in each cohort at the baseline (day 1) and at the end of the treatment (day 15)
PLACEBO
Weight (kg) BMI Fasting Glucose (g/L) Fasting Insulin (mU/L) HOMA-IR Fructasamine (umol/L)
day 1 day 15 day 1 day 15 day 1 day 15 day 1 day 15 day 1 day 15 day 1 day 15
Placebos p = 0,21 (n = 3) p = 0,24 (n = 3) p = 0,17 (n = 5) p = 0,19 (n = 5) p = 0,13 (n = 5) p = 0,48 (n = 5)
P1 108.3 ND 33.1 ND 0.92 0.86 9 7 2.0 1.5 < 30 324
P2 82.4 ND 28.1 ND 0.86 0.83 8 9 1.7 1.8 295 303
P3 83.7 81.7 30.8 30.1 0.85 0.76 13 11 2.7 2.1 256 242
P4 103.6 103.5 34.4 34.4 0.74 0.77 7 5 1.3 1.0 263 198
P5 89.1 88.2 29.6 29.3 0.74 0.72 6 6 1.1 1.1 215 238
ACTIVE
Weight (kg) BMI Fasting Glucose (g/L) Fasting Insulin (mU/L) HOMA-IR Fructasamine (umol/L)
MAD Coh.1 day 1 day 15 day 1 day 15 day 1 day 15 day 1 day 15 day 1 day 15 day 1 day 15
200 mg/day p = ND (n = 1) p = ND (n = 1) p = 0,01 (n = 5) p = 0,10 (n = 5) p = 0,05 (n = 5) p = 0,22 (n = 5)
P6 97.7 ND 30.7 ND 1.24 1.01 18 20 5.5 5.0 < 30 356
P7 101.5 ND 29.2 ND 0.92 0.76 4 4 0.9 0.8 < 30 326
P8 100.4 ND 32.5 ND 0.94 0.85 14 2 3.2 0.4 323 300
P9 90.3 ND 32.9 ND 0.90 0.83 25 14 5.6 2.9 286 274
P10 104.1 101 33.8 32.8 0.94 0.81 21 7 4.9 1.4 212 ND
MAD Coh.2 day 1 day 15 day 1 day 15 day 1 day 15 day 1 day 15 day 1 day 15 day 1 day 15
300 mg/day p = 0,01 (n = 6) p = 0,02 (n = 6) p = 0,47 (n = 6) p = 0,58 (n = 6) p = 0,65 (n = 6) p = 0,40 (n = 6)
P11 81.1 78.9 28.3 27.5 0.81 0.81 5 6 1.0 1.2 313 322
P12 95.7 95.1 29.4 29.2 0.85 0.83 2 14 0.4 2.9 292 264
P13 78.1 76.9 30.3 29.8 0.92 0.86 13 11 3.0 2.3 266 250
P14 77.1 75 30.4 29.6 0.85 0.79 8 9 1.7 1.8 251 249
P15 83.7 83.7 29.0 29.0 0.79 0.83 6 6 1.2 1.2 312 326
P16 109.1 107.5 34.3 33.8 0.77 0.79 8 4 1.5 0.8 184 171
MAD Coh.3 day 1 day 15 day 1 day 15 day 1 day 15 day 1 day 15 day 1 day 15 day 1 day 15
400 mg/day p = 0,01 (n = 6) p = 0,007 (n = 6) p = 0,31 (n = 6) p = 0,04 (n = 6) p = 0,03 (n = 6) p = 0,004 (n = 6)
P17 92.2 90.3 29.8 29.2 0.85 1.01 2 1 0.4 0.2 340 274
P18 91 88.2 30.4 29.5 0.9 0.83 7 6 1.6 1.2 280 221
P19 94.5 89.4 28.4 26.9 0.79 0.77 5 4 1.0 0.8 259 191
P20 102.4 101.9 32.4 32.2 1.01 0.88 23 18 5.7 3.9 279 213
P21 94.1 90.6 29.1 28.0 0.92 0.85 13 6 3.0 1.3 245 225
P22 91.1 89.5 32.7 32.1 1.1 0.88 8 6 2.2 1.3 394 274

P1 to P22- ID multiple ascending dose (MAD) participants ; cohort (Coh.) of participants; ND, not determinated; P value (P) obtained performing paired t-test statistical analyses compairing day 1 vs day 15

Demographic characteristics of volunteers in SAD and MAD studies and baseline-to-end (Day 1 to Day 15) treatment profile of MAD cohorts.