Skip to main content
. 2025 Aug 22;22(1):45. doi: 10.1007/s10433-025-00882-w

Table 2.

Effects of Direct Payments on well-being (N = 568)

Dependent variables (1) AI’s method (2) Doubly robust estimates
ATT SE P ATT SE P
Unmet needs (dummy) −0.20 0.065 ** −0.20 0.050 ***
Unmet needs (continuous) −0.64 0.244 ** −0.70 0.232 **
Depression 0.44 0.239 0.37 0.220
Quality of life 2.47 2.158 2.146 2.172

*P < .0.05, **P < 0.01, ***P < 0.001