Table 2.
Factors associated with post-operative moderate to severe TR after mitral valve replacement
| Variables | Moderate to severe TR (n = 59) | Mild TR (n = 83) | P-value |
|---|---|---|---|
| Age (mean ± SD) | 46.34 ± 12.06 | 42.66 ± 11.89 | 0.073 |
| Gender (%) | |||
| Male | 20 (33.9) | 29 (34.9) | 0.898 |
| Female | 39 (66.1) | 54 (65.1) | |
| Duration of symptoms in months (median, IQR) | 24 (12–48) | 12 (6–48) | 0.064 |
| NYHA (%) | |||
| 1 | 0 | 1 (1.2) | 0.864 |
| 2 | 48 (81.4) | 63 (75.9) | |
| 3 | 10 (16.9) | 18 (21.7) | |
| 4 | 1 (1.7) | 1 (1.2) | |
| ECG (%) | |||
| Sinus rhythm | 9 (15.3) | 30 (36.1) | 0.006 |
| Atrial fibrillation | 50 (84.7) | 53 (63.9) | |
| LA size (%) | |||
| ≤ 6 mm | 46 (78) | 64 (77.1) | 0.904 |
| > 6 mm | 13 (22) | 19 (22.90) | |
| Mitral lesion (%) | |||
| Mitral stenosis | 33 (55.9) | 33 (39.8) | 0.160 |
| Mitral regurgitation | 10 (16.9) | 18 (21.7) | |
| Mixed lesion | 16 (27.1) | 32 (38.6) | |
| LVEF | |||
| ≤ 50% | 4 (6.8) | 4 (4.8) | 0.719 |
| > 50% | 55 (93.2) | 79 (95.2) | |
| TAP (%) | |||
| Done | 9 (15.3) | 32 (38.6) | 0.003 |
| Not done | 50 (84.7) | 51 (61.4) | |
| TAPSE (%) | |||
| ≥ 17 mm | 29 (49.2) | 51 (61.4) | 0.146 |
| < 17 mm | 30 (50.8) | 32 (38.6) | |
| Pulmonary artery systolic pressure (%) | |||
| ≤ 40 mmHg | 12 (20.3) | 10 (12) | 0.178 |
| > 40 mmHg | 47 (79.7) | 73 (88) | |
| Tricuspid annulus size (TAP not done) (n = 101) (%) | |||
| < 35 mm | 37 (74) | 39 (76.5) | 0.774 |
| ≥ 35 mm | 13 (26) | 12 (23.5) | |
| RV-PA coupling (%) | |||
| < 0.31 | 25 (42.4) | 39 (47) | 0.586 |
| ≥ 0.31 | 34 (57.6) | 44 (53) |
TR tricuspid regurgitation, NYHA New York Heart Association, ECG electrocardiogram, LA left atrium, LVEF left ventricular ejection fraction, TAP tricuspid annuloplasty, TAPSE tricuspid annular plane systolic excursion, RV-PA coupling right ventricle/pulmonary artery coupling