Table 1.
Main characteristics of patients with Crohn’s disease (CD) in relation to vitamin D (VD) levels
| Total (N = 122) |
Low VD levels (n = 110) | Normal VD levels (n = 12) | P | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age, years | 37.7 ± 15.9 | 37.5 ± 15.4 | 40.3 ± 20.9 | 0.075 |
| Age at CD diagnosis, years | 31.2 ± 15.9 | 31.1 ± 16.2 | 31.9 ± 21.2 | 0.276 |
| Females, n (%) | 44 (36) | 42 (38.2) | 2 (16.7) | 0.208 |
| Body mass index, kg/m2 | 24.8 ± 4.9 | 24.8 ± 4.9 | 25.0 ± 3.4 | 0.332 |
| Smokers, n (%) | 34 (28) | 30 (27.3) | 4 (33.3) | 0.737 |
| Disease duration, years | 6.6 (7.9) | 6.4 (7.8) | 8.4 (9.1) | 0.325 |
| Harvey-Bradshaw Index | 2.1 ± 1.8 | 2.2 ± 2.3 | 1.5 ± 1.4 | 0.306 |
| C-Reactive Protein, mg/l | 7.1 (10.1) | 7.4 (10.5) | 3.4 (2.1) | 0.032 |
| Stool calprotectin, μg/mg | 180 (539) | 209 (582) | 75 (105) | 0.002 |
|
Location, n (%)—L1 L2 L3 L4 |
42 (34.4) 20 (16.4) 31 (25.4) 29 (23.7) |
35 (31.8) 19 (17.3) 27 (24.5) 29 (26.3) |
7 (58.3) 1 (8.3) 4 (33.3) 0 |
0.183 |
|
Behaviour, n (%)—B1 B2 B3 |
70 (57.4) 43 (35.2) 9 (7.4) |
65 (59) 38 (34.5) 7 (6.4) |
5 (41.7) 5 (41.7) 2 (16.7) |
0.319 |
| Perianal disease, n (%) | 27 (22) | 23 (20.9) | 4 (33.3) | 0.462 |
| Endoscopically active, n (%) | 63 (51.6) | 57 (51.8) | 6 (50) | 1.000 |
| Histologically active, n (%) | 61 (50) | 57 (51.8) | 4 (33.3) | 0.566 |
|
Treatment*, n (%) Biologic agent(s) ± other agents AZA without biologic agent Steroids ± mesalazine Mesalazine only |
72 (71.3) 11 (10.9) 8 (7.9) 10 (9.9) |
67 (71.3) 10 (10.6) 8 (8.5) 9 (9.6) |
5 (71.4) 1 (14.3) 0 1 (14.3) |
0.844 |
Quantitative variables are expressed as mean ± SD or median (IQR) values
*Twenty-one patients were under no therapy