Table 1.
Demographic characteristics and KAP scores.
| Variables | N(%) | Knowledge, mean ± SD | P | Attitude, mean ± SD | P | Practice, mean ± SD | P |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| N = 591 | |||||||
| Total score | 7.27 ± 4.43 | 29.18 ± 5.31 | 34.57 ± 5.57 | ||||
| Gender | 0.082 | 0.765 | < 0.001 | ||||
| Male | 349 (59.05) | 7.07 ± 4.53 | 29.16 ± 5.42 | 33.94 ± 5.54 | |||
| Female | 242 (40.95) | 7.55 ± 4.28 | 29.21 ± 5.16 | 35.47 ± 5.50 | |||
| Age | 64.43 ± 14.65 | ||||||
| Marital status | < 0.001 | < 0.001 | < 0.001 | ||||
| Single | 42 (7.11) | 9.07 ± 3.54 | 27.55 ± 5.96 | 32.64 ± 5.93 | |||
| Married | 460 (77.83) | 7.01 ± 4.59 | 30.01 ± 5.05 | 35.33 ± 5.32 | |||
| Divorced | 28 (4.74) | 8.14 ± 2.85 | 24.75 ± 4.58 | 30.75 ± 5.40 | |||
| Widowed | 61 (10.32) | 7.56 ± 4.04 | 26.15 ± 4.83 | 31.92 ± 5.46 | |||
| Residence | < 0.001 | 0.158 | 0.210 | ||||
| Rural | 243 (41.12) | 6.49 ± 4.49 | 28.88 ± 5.28 | 34.27 ± 5.21 | |||
| Urban | 274 (46.36) | 7.78 ± 4.25 | 29.52 ± 5.16 | 34.89 ± 5.63 | |||
| Suburban | 74 (12.52) | 7.93 ± 4.53 | 28.93 ± 5.95 | 34.35 ± 6.41 | |||
| Education | < 0.001 | < 0.001 | 0.096 | ||||
| Primary School and Below | 209 (35.36) | 6.26 ± 4.68 | 28.79 ± 5.56 | 34.22 ± 5.38 | |||
| Junior high school | 167 (28.26) | 7.31 ± 4.19 | 29.49 ± 4.69 | 34.66 ± 5.50 | |||
| High school/technical school | 110 (18.61) | 8.29 ± 4.38 | 29.61 ± 5.01 | 35.43 ± 5.32 | |||
| Associate/bachelor’s degree | 83 (14.04) | 8.19 ± 4.33 | 30.23 ± 5.70 | 34.69 ± 6.35 | |||
| Master’s degree and above | 22 (3.72) | 7.95 ± 1.96 | 24.55 ± 5.16 | 32.45 ± 5.53 | |||
| Monthly Per Capita Family Income | 0.080 | 0.023 | 0.078 | ||||
| < 2000 | 167 (28.26) | 7.96 ± 5.44 | 29.39 ± 6.81 | 34.69 ± 6.40 | |||
| 2000–5000 | 282 (47.72) | 6.89 ± 4.03 | 29.31 ± 4.19 | 34.80 ± 4.89 | |||
| 5000–10,000 | 106 (17.94) | 7.08 ± 4.01 | 29.32 ± 5.03 | 34.71 ± 5.44 | |||
| > 10,000 | 36 (6.09) | 7.61 ± 2.90 | 26.86 ± 5.77 | 31.75 ± 6.22 | |||
| Insurance Type | 0.343 | 0.017 | 0.032 | ||||
| No insurance | 48 (8.12) | 8.00 ± 5.13 | 27.75 ± 6.77 | 33.29 ± 6.03 | |||
| Insurance | 543 (91.88) | 7.20 ± 4.36 | 29.31 ± 5.15 | 34.68 ± 5.52 | |||
| History of Cardiovascular Disease | < 0.001 | 0.002 | 0.003 | ||||
| Yes | 355 (60.07) | 7.91 ± 4.53 | 29.79 ± 5.49 | 35.21 ± 5.79 | |||
| No | 236 (39.93) | 6.31 ± 4.10 | 28.28 ± 4.91 | 33.61 ± 5.07 | |||
| Duration of Chronic Heart Failure | 0.001 | 0.104 | 0.108 | ||||
| ≤ 3 months | 241 (40.78) | 6.66 ± 4.56 | 29.41 ± 5.27 | 34.61 ± 4.97 | |||
| 3–6 months | 84 (14.21) | 7.94 ± 3.97 | 29.07 ± 5.41 | 34.11 ± 5.87 | |||
| 7–12 months | 59 (9.98) | 8.61 ± 3.10 | 27.44 ± 4.91 | 32.86 ± 6.00 | |||
| > 12 months | 207 (35.03) | 7.32 ± 4.66 | 29.46 ± 5.38 | 35.19 ± 5.88 | |||
| Presence of Underlying Diseases | 0.168 | < 0.001 | 0.007 | ||||
| Yes | 470 (79.53) | 7.33 ± 4.21 | 28.74 ± 5.20 | 34.21 ± 5.64 | |||
| No | 121 (20.47) | 7.02 ± 5.22 | 30.90 ± 5.43 | 35.96 ± 5.06 | |||
| Smoking History | 0.545 | 0.072 | < 0.001 | ||||
| Yes | 252 (42.64) | 7.06 ± 4.41 | 28.89 ± 5.53 | 32.87 ± 5.44 | |||
| No | 339 (57.36) | 7.42 ± 4.44 | 29.40 ± 5.15 | 35.83 ± 5.33 | |||
| Alcohol History | 0.227 | < 0.001 | < 0.001 | ||||
| Yes | 203 (34.35) | 7.44 ± 4.38 | 28.22 ± 5.48 | 32.10 ± 5.37 | |||
| No | 388 (65.65) | 7.18 ± 4.46 | 29.69 ± 5.16 | 35.86 ± 5.23 | |||
| Preference for High-Salt/High-Fat Diet in the Past | 0.787 | 0.225 | 0.587 | ||||
| Yes | 292 (49.41) | 7.41 ± 4.78 | 29.04 ± 5.65 | 34.55 ± 5.96 | |||
| No | 299 (50.59) | 7.13 ± 4.06 | 29.32 ± 4.96 | 34.58 ± 5.17 | |||
| Participation in Cardiac Rehabilitation | < 0.001 | < 0.001 | 0.011 | ||||
| Yes | 175 (29.61) | 10.01 ± 4.67 | 30.87 ± 6.46 | 35.64 ± 6.65 | |||
| No | 416 (70.39) | 6.12 ± 3.78 | 28.47 ± 4.57 | 34.12 ± 4.98 |