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. 2025 Aug 23;15:30991. doi: 10.1038/s41598-025-15350-9

Table 4.

Practice.

N (%)
Always Often Sometimes Rarely Never
1. Frequency of actively obtaining knowledge about chronic heart failure and cardiac rehabilitation through various channels (e.g., books, internet, doctor communication). 60 (10.15) 98 (16.58) 151 (25.55) 156 (26.4) 126 (21.32)
2. Frequency of exercising according to medical advice each week. 67 (11.34) 116 (19.63) 146 (24.7) 171 (28.93) 91 (15.4)
3. Frequency of effectively managing psychological state, such as through deep breathing, progressive muscle relaxation, exercise, or seeking support. 58 (9.81) 92 (15.57) 135 (22.84) 126 (21.32) 180 (30.46)
Every 6 months Every year Irregular Only when feeling unwell Never
4. Frequency of regular cardiovascular disease check-ups and assessments. 63 (10.66) 113 (19.12) 102 (17.26) 280 (47.38) 33 (5.58)
>20 cigarettes/d 20 cigarettes/d 11–20 cigarettes/d 1–10 cigarettes/d Non-smoker
5. Number of cigarettes smoked per day. 56 (9.48) 40 (6.77) 66 (11.17) 92 (15.57) 337 (57.02)
Daily 5–6 days/week 3–4 days/week 1–2 days/week Never
6. Frequency of drinking coffee or tea. 72 (12.18) 30 (5.08) 51 (8.63) 64 (10.83) 374 (63.28)
Frequent (4 or more times/week) Regular (1–3 times/week) Moderate (1–4 times/month) Occasional (≤ 1 time/month) Never
7. Frequency of alcohol consumption. 43 (7.28) 45 (7.61) 52 (8.8) 77 (13.03) 374 (63.28)
Daily 5–6 days/week 3–4 days/week 1–2 days/week Never
8. Frequency of experiencing insomnia. 58 (9.81) 50 (8.46) 72 (12.18) 166 (28.09) 245 (41.46)
Always Often Sometimes Rarely Never
9. Adherence to prescribed medication schedules. 209 (35.36) 244 (41.29) 82 (13.87) 29 (4.91) 27 (4.57)
10. Conscious monitoring of personal health indicators such as blood pressure and blood glucose for comprehensive health understanding. 108 (18.27) 269 (45.52) 129 (21.83) 48 (8.12) 37 (6.26)