Table 1.
Patients and healthy controls clinical characteristics
| Characteristics | TD subjects (n = 69) | ET patients (n = 71) | HC subjects (n = 80) | P value |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age (year) | 63.62 ± 6.66 | 65.31 ± 7.91 | 63.84 ± 5.16 | 0.271a |
| Gender (Male/Female) | 37/32 | 32/39 | 37/43 | 0.545b |
| Education (year) | 14.13 ± 10.51 | 13.61 ± 4.66 | 12.98 ± 5.30 | 0.381c |
| Age at onset (year) | 54.61 ± 9.02 | 49.05 ± 12.84 | - | 0.007d** |
| Duration (year) | 9.28 ± 7.16 | 16.41 ± 12.48 | - | <0.001d*** |
| TETRAS | - | 30.43 ± 11.14 | - | - |
| FTMT | - | 49.62 ± 27.63 | - | - |
| UPDRS-III (med off) | 45.75 ± 15.25 | - | - | - |
| UPDRS-III (med on) | 22.85 ± 12.91 | - | - | - |
| MMSE | 27.57 ± 1.46 | 26.96 ± 2.36 | - | 0.102d |
| MoCA | 23.36 ± 3.04 | 21.38 ± 4.88 | - | 0.005d** |
| HAM-A | 15.42 ± 9.20 | 10.42 ± 7.60 | - | 0.001d** |
| HAM-D | 16.59 ± 9.91 | 11.35 ± 7.41 | - | 0.001d** |
| VHI | 25.51 ± 22.09 | 7.62 ± 18.73 | - | <0.001d*** |
Values are presents as the mean ± standard deviation.
TD Tremor-dominant Parkinson’s disease, ET Essential tremor, HC healthy controls, TETRAS The Essential Tremor Rating Assessment Scale, FTMT Fahn Tolosa Marin Tremor Rating Scale, UPDRS-III the Unified Parkinson’s Disease Rating Scale part 3, MMSE Mini- Mental State Examination, MoCA Montreal Cognitive Assessment, HAM-A Hamilton Rating Scale for Anxiety, HAM-D Hamilton Rating Scale for Depression, VHI Voice Handicap Index.
aKruskal-Wallis test.
bChi-Squared test.
cANOVA test.
dTwo-sample t-test for ET and TD group.
**p < 0.01, ***p < 0.001.