Table 1.

Description of the study Variables.

List of variables	Description and units	Type
Dependent variables
DSR	Directed seeded rice, 1 for adopters, else 0.	Binary
CRM	Crop residue management, 1 for adopters, else 0.	Binary
ZT	Zero tillage, 1 for adopters in rice crop, else 0	Binary
LI	Legume intercropping, 1 for adopters, else 0	Binary
PWM	Precision water management, 1 for adopters, else 0	Binary
Productivity	Average yield per acre (kgs)	Discrete
Net farm returns	Annual farm revenue minus variable costs per acre	Discrete
Independent and control variables
Age	Age of household head (years)	Discrete
Gender	Male = 1, else 0	Dummy
Marital status	Married = 1, else 0	Dummy
Experience	Number of years of farming	Discrete
Education	Number of years of schooling	Discrete
Farm size	Number of acres of total land holding	Discrete
Off-farm income	Yes = 1, else 0	Dummy
Tenant	Farmer is tenant = 1, else 0	Dummy
Farm advisory	Farm distance to nearest extension office ≤ 10 km = 1, else 0	Dummy
Livestock	Farmer own livestock = 1, else 0	Dummy
Credit	Farmer has access to credit = 1, else 0	Dummy
Skill development	Farmer has participated in skill development program = 1, else 0	Dummy
FBO	Household has membership of local farmer-based organization = 1, else 0	Dummy
Market access	Distance to nearest agriculture market	Discrete
Smartphone	Farmer owns smartphone = 1, else 0	Dummy
Internet information	Farmer has positive perception of internet information for agriculture = 1, else 0.	Dummy
Social circle	Individual(s) in farmers’ social circle has subscribed social media channels (e.g., YouTube, Facebook) for agriculture information = 1, else 0	Dummy
Wheat-rice	Farmer belongs to wheat rice region = 1, else 0	Dummy
Mixed	Farmer belongs to mixed region = 1, else 0	Dummy