Table 3.

Univariate and multivariate Cox proportional hazards regression analysis in esophageal cancer patients.

Variables	HR comparison	Univariate analysis		Multivariable analysis
		HR (95%CI)	P value	HR (95%CI)	P value
Sex	Male
	Female	1.091 (0.931–1.279)	0.280
Race	White
	Unwhite	1.332 (1.138–1.559)	< 0.001	1.034 (0.865–1.237)	0.711
Age	<65 years
	≥ 65 years	1.170 (1.038–1.318)	0.010	1.122 (0.993–1.268)	0.064
Marriage	Married
	Unmarried	0.817 (0.725–0.921)	0.001	1.097 (0.971–1.241)	0.138
Chemotherapy	No vs. Yes	0.338 (0.295–0.386)	< 0.001	0.308 (0.266–0.357)	< 0.001
Radiotherapy	No vs. Yes	0.874 (0.776–0.985)	0.027	0.835 (0.740–0.942)	0.003*
Histology	Adenocarcinoma
	Non-adenocarcinoma	1.274 (1.121–1.447)	< 0.001	1.026 (0.876–1.203)	0.750
Primary site	Overlapping
	Cervical/Upper	0.884 (0.596–1.312)	0.541	0.611 (0.407–0.918)	0.018
	Thoracic/middle	0.997 (0.757–1.313)	0.981	0.814 (0.612–1.082)	0.157
	Abdominal/lower	0.739 (0.576–0.947)	0.017	0.788 (0.612–1.015)	0.065
Surgery	No vs. Yes	0.465 (0.353–0.614)	<0.001	0.446 (0.333–0.596)	< 0.001
Grade	I + II
	III + IV	1.124 (0.993–1.272)	0.066
T Stage	T1
	T2	0.770 (0.587–1.010)	0.059	0.879 (0.668–1.158)	0.360
	T3	0.814 (0.690–0.960)	0.015	0.956 (0.805–1.135)	0.607
	T4	1.183 (1.004–1.394)	0.045	1.227 (1.038–1.451)	0.017
	Tx	1.216 (1.008–1.467)	0.041	1.091 (0.894–1.333)	0.391
N Stage	N0
	N1	0.959 (0.837–1.099)	0.548	1.044 (0.907–1.203)	0.546
	Nx	1.490 (1.182–1.879)	0.001	1.226 (0.958–1.568)	0.105
M Stage	M1a
	M1b	1.749 (1.303–2.349)	< 0.001	1.799 (1.325–2.444)	< 0.001