Skip to main content
. 2025 Aug 22;15:30849. doi: 10.1038/s41598-025-89221-8

Table 2.

Optimization parameters.

Parameter Value
PSO Number of clusters 5
Number of iterations 100
Number of population 50
Inertia weight damping ratio 1
Inertia value of weight 0.72979999
Learning coefficient of personal 1.4961962
Learning coefficient of global 1.4961962
O-MLM Optimizer Bayesian optimizer
Max objective evaluations 20
Min training set size 100
Number of folds 5
Prior probability Emprical
AETL Optimizer Bayesian optimizer
Learner type Decision tree
Optimization hyper parameters Ensemble method
Minimum leaf size
Number of learning cycles
Maximum number of splits
Learning rate