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. 2025 Aug 22;15:30943. doi: 10.1038/s41598-025-15984-9

Table 5.

Performance comparison of the proposed antenna.

Parameters Frequency (GHz) Bandwidth (GHz)
CST MWS simulation 2.4 2.431–2.247 = 0.184
5.8 6.301–5.431 = 0.87
ADS circuit model simulation 2.4 2.523–2.410 = 0.113
5.8 6.102–5.554 = 0.548
Measurement 2.4 2.510–2.401 = 0.109
5.8 6.025–5.854 = 0.171